VulnerabilityPublished 6 Aug 2025

CVE-2025-54610: Huawei HarmonyOS · Improper Validation of Array Index

Affects Huawei HarmonyOSSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.4 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 12:55 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

5.4Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 7% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 6 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Huawei HarmonyOS	Affected =5.1.0 =5.0.1	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Monitor Huawei's official security advisories and apply patches or updates for HarmonyOS as soon as they become available to address CVE-2025-54610.
Implement network-level protections such as filtering or sandboxing of media content to prevent malicious or malformed audio files from reaching end devices.
Educate users about the risks of opening untrusted media files or streaming content from unknown sources, emphasizing the need for caution to prevent exploitation requiring user interaction.
Employ endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting anomalous behavior or crashes related to audio codec processes to enable rapid incident response.
For enterprise IoT deployments using HarmonyOS devices, segment these devices on separate network zones with strict access controls to limit exposure.
Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on media handling components to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively.
Maintain comprehensive logging and monitoring of device behavior to detect potential exploitation attempts or denial of service conditions early.
Consider temporary disabling or restricting audio codec functionalities in critical environments until patches are applied, if feasible.

Description

Out-of-bounds access vulnerability in the audio codec module. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.

Impact

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-54610 depends largely on the extent of HarmonyOS device deployment within their infrastructure or user base. Huawei devices running HarmonyOS are increasingly present in consumer markets and some enterprise IoT deployments. A successful exploitation could lead to denial of service conditions on affected devices, potentially disrupting communication, multimedia functions, or IoT operations reliant on audio codec functionality. This could degrade service availability, impact user productivity, or interrupt critical processes in environments where HarmonyOS devices are integrated. Although the vulnerability does not directly compromise confidentiality or integrity, the availability impact could be significant in scenarios where audio services are critical, such as in teleconferencing, security systems with audio sensors, or multimedia broadcasting. Furthermore, denial of service conditions could be leveraged as part of broader multi-vector attacks or to distract security teams. The requirement for user interaction limits mass exploitation but targeted attacks against high-value individuals or organizations remain a concern. European organizations should also consider regulatory implications under GDPR if service disruptions affect customer-facing applications or services.

CWE-129Improper Validation of Array Index (opens in a new tab)
Variant weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighOWASP Top 10 A05:2025: Injection (opens in a new tab)
The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.
Architecture and Design · Input Validation
Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks…
Requirements · Language Selection
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
XML Security (opens in a new tab)
Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)
Injection Prevention (opens in a new tab)
SQL Injection Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Injection Prevention in Java (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Overflow Buffers (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/8/ (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 6 Aug 2025, 02:49 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-129

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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