CVE-2025-54647VulnerabilityPublished 6 Aug 2025

CVE-2025-54647: Huawei HarmonyOS · Out-of-bounds Read

Affects Huawei HarmonyOSSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.4 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

5.4Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 2% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L

Attack Vector: Adjacent
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: None
Availability: Low

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Adjacent: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack, but the attack is limited at the protocol level to a logically adjacent topology. This can mean an attack must be launched from the same shared physical (e.g., Bluetooth or IEEE 802.11) or logical (e.g., local IP subnet) network, or from within a secure or otherwise limited administrative domain (e.g., MPLS, secure VPN to an administrative network zone).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the impacted component are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 6 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Huawei HarmonyOS	Affected =5.1.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

1. Network Segmentation: Isolate Huawei HarmonyOS devices using NearLink protocol on separate network segments to limit attacker proximity and reduce exposure to adjacent network attacks. 2. Monitor Network Traffic: Implement monitoring for anomalous NearLink protocol activity or unexpected session requests that could indicate exploitation attempts. 3. Device Inventory and Patch Management: Maintain an accurate inventory of devices running HarmonyOS 5.1.0 and apply security updates promptly once Huawei releases patches addressing CVE-2025-54647. 4. Disable NearLink if Unused: Where feasible, disable the NearLink protocol on devices that do not require it to eliminate the attack surface. 5. Access Controls: Enforce strict physical and logical access controls to prevent unauthorized users from gaining proximity or network access to vulnerable devices. 6. Incident Response Preparedness: Develop and test incident response plans to quickly identify and mitigate denial of service events potentially caused by this vulnerability. 7. Vendor Engagement: Engage with Huawei for timely updates and guidance on vulnerability remediation and best practices specific to HarmonyOS and NearLink.

Description

Out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the SSAP module of the NearLink protocol stack. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.

Impact

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-54647 depends on the extent of HarmonyOS adoption within their operational environment. Huawei devices running HarmonyOS, including smartphones, IoT devices, and embedded systems, are increasingly present in various sectors such as telecommunications, manufacturing, and smart city infrastructure. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could cause denial of service conditions, leading to temporary loss of availability of critical devices or services relying on NearLink communications. This could disrupt business operations, especially in environments where real-time data exchange or device coordination is essential. Although the confidentiality and integrity impacts are minimal, availability disruptions could affect operational technology systems, smart building controls, or communication endpoints. Additionally, organizations involved in supply chains or partnerships with Huawei technology providers may face indirect risks. The requirement for adjacent network access limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk in densely populated or shared network environments. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate threat but underscores the need for proactive mitigation to prevent future attacks.

CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessCWE Top 25 (2025): #8
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Implementation · Input Validation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
Architecture and Design · Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
XML Security (opens in a new tab)
Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Overread Buffers (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/8/ (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

Loading reviews…

Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 6 Aug 2025, 03:49 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-125

Technical details

References

Community reviews

Related threats