CVE-2025-66424 is an authorization bypass vulnerability classified under CWE-863 (Incorrect Authorization) affecting the Tryton trytond server, an open-source ERP platform. The vulnerability exists in versions 6.0.0 through 7.5.0, where the system fails to enforce proper access control checks during data export operations. This flaw allows users with limited privileges to export data beyond their authorized scope, leading to unauthorized disclosure of potentially sensitive business information. The vulnerability does not affect data integrity or system availability but compromises confidentiality. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.5 (medium), reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, and the requirement of low privileges but no user interaction. The issue was addressed in patched releases 7.6.11, 7.4.21, 7.0.40, and 6.0.70, which enforce strict access rights validation on export functions. No public exploits have been reported to date, but the vulnerability’s nature makes it a credible risk for data leakage in ERP environments. Organizations relying on Tryton for financial, inventory, or HR management should consider this a priority vulnerability due to the sensitivity of data involved and the potential for insider threat exploitation or lateral movement within networks.

For European organizations, the primary impact is unauthorized disclosure of sensitive business data managed within Tryton ERP systems, including financial records, personnel data, and operational information. This can lead to competitive disadvantage, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations due to improper data exposure), and reputational damage. Since the vulnerability allows data export without proper authorization, attackers or malicious insiders could exfiltrate confidential information remotely. Although the vulnerability does not directly affect system integrity or availability, the confidentiality breach alone can have severe legal and financial consequences. Organizations in sectors with stringent data protection requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and manufacturing, are particularly vulnerable. The risk is exacerbated in environments where network segmentation and internal access controls are weak, allowing low-privilege users to exploit the flaw over the network.

1. Immediately upgrade trytond to one of the patched versions: 7.6.11, 7.4.21, 7.0.40, or 6.0.70. 2. Implement strict network segmentation to limit access to trytond servers only to authorized personnel and systems. 3. Enforce the principle of least privilege rigorously within Tryton user roles to minimize the number of users with export capabilities. 4. Monitor and audit data export logs for unusual or unauthorized activity, enabling early detection of exploitation attempts. 5. Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) for accessing Tryton administrative interfaces to reduce risk from compromised credentials. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests focusing on ERP systems to identify and remediate access control weaknesses. 7. Educate users about the sensitivity of data exports and the importance of reporting suspicious behavior. 8. If immediate patching is not feasible, consider disabling or restricting export functionalities temporarily as a stopgap measure.