CVE-2025-54832 is a medium-severity vulnerability identified in OPEXUS FOIAXpress Public Access Link (PAL) version 11.1.0. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-472, which involves External Control of Assumed-Immutable Web Parameters. Specifically, this flaw allows an authenticated user to add entries to the list of states and territories within the application. This indicates that certain web parameters, which the application assumes to be immutable or controlled internally, can be externally manipulated by users with valid authentication. The vulnerability does not require user interaction beyond authentication and can be exploited remotely over the network (AV:N). The attack complexity is low (AC:L), and no privileges beyond authenticated user level are needed (PR:L). The impact is limited to integrity (I:L) with no direct confidentiality or availability impact. The scope remains unchanged (S:U), meaning the vulnerability affects only the component where the flaw exists without impacting other components or systems. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability could allow an attacker to inject unauthorized data into the system, potentially leading to data integrity issues, misleading information presentation, or manipulation of application behavior that relies on the states and territories list. This could undermine trust in the data and potentially affect downstream processes or reporting that depend on this information.

For European organizations using OPEXUS FOIAXpress PAL v11.1.0, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized modification of critical data fields related to states and territories. While the direct impact on confidentiality and availability is minimal, the integrity compromise could affect decision-making processes, compliance reporting, or public information dissemination, especially in government or public sector entities handling Freedom of Information requests. Manipulated data could cause operational confusion or reputational damage if inaccurate territorial information is presented to the public or internal stakeholders. Since the vulnerability requires authenticated access, insider threats or compromised user credentials pose a significant risk. European organizations with strict data integrity and audit requirements may find this vulnerability particularly concerning, as it could violate data governance policies or regulatory standards such as GDPR if inaccurate data leads to improper handling of personal information or public records.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should implement strict input validation and server-side controls to ensure that parameters assumed immutable cannot be altered by authenticated users. Specifically, the application should enforce whitelist validation for the states and territories list, allowing only predefined entries managed by administrators. Role-based access controls (RBAC) should be reviewed and tightened to limit the ability to modify such critical data to only highly trusted administrative roles. Additionally, organizations should monitor logs for unusual additions or modifications to the states and territories list to detect potential exploitation attempts. Until a vendor patch is available, consider implementing compensating controls such as web application firewalls (WAF) with custom rules to detect and block unauthorized parameter modifications. Regular user access reviews and credential hygiene practices will reduce the risk of exploitation by compromised accounts. Finally, organizations should engage with OPEXUS for timely patch releases and apply updates promptly once available.