CVE-2025-55083 is a buffer over-read vulnerability classified under CWE-126 found in the NetX Duo component of the Eclipse Foundation's ThreadX real-time operating system. The vulnerability exists in versions prior to 6.4.4 due to an incorrect boundary check that causes the system to read two bytes beyond the allocated buffer. This out-of-bounds read can lead to unintended memory disclosure, potentially leaking sensitive information stored adjacent to the buffer. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring authentication, privileges, or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). However, the impact is limited to confidentiality loss with no direct integrity or availability effects. NetX Duo is widely used in embedded systems, IoT devices, and industrial control systems, which often operate in critical infrastructure environments. Although no public exploits are currently known, the flaw could be leveraged by attackers to gather sensitive data from memory, which might aid further attacks or reconnaissance. The vulnerability was reserved in August 2025 and published in October 2025, with no patch links currently available, suggesting that vendors and users should monitor for updates. The medium severity rating (CVSS 6.9) reflects the ease of exploitation balanced against the limited scope of impact. Organizations relying on NetX Duo should prioritize patching and implement additional memory safety measures to mitigate risks.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-55083 is potential information disclosure from embedded and IoT devices running vulnerable versions of NetX Duo. This could compromise sensitive operational data or cryptographic material stored in memory, undermining confidentiality. Industrial sectors such as manufacturing, energy, transportation, and healthcare that deploy embedded systems with NetX Duo may face increased risk of targeted reconnaissance or data leakage. While the vulnerability does not directly affect system integrity or availability, the leaked information could facilitate subsequent attacks, including privilege escalation or lateral movement. The risk is heightened in critical infrastructure environments where embedded devices play a key role in operational technology (OT) networks. Given the network-based attack vector and no need for authentication, attackers could exploit this vulnerability remotely, increasing the threat surface. The absence of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the potential for future weaponization. European organizations must consider the impact on supply chain security and embedded device firmware integrity, especially in countries with advanced industrial automation and IoT adoption.

1. Upgrade to NetX Duo version 6.4.4 or later as soon as the patch becomes available to eliminate the buffer over-read vulnerability. 2. Until patches are applied, implement network segmentation to isolate vulnerable embedded devices from critical infrastructure and limit exposure to untrusted networks. 3. Employ strict input validation and boundary checks in custom code interfacing with NetX Duo to reduce the risk of triggering out-of-bounds reads. 4. Monitor network traffic for anomalous patterns that could indicate exploitation attempts targeting embedded devices. 5. Conduct firmware integrity checks and device audits to identify and inventory systems running vulnerable NetX Duo versions. 6. Collaborate with device manufacturers and vendors to obtain timely security updates and verify patch deployment. 7. Enhance logging and alerting on embedded systems to detect unusual memory access or crashes that may signal exploitation. 8. Consider deploying runtime memory protection mechanisms or hardware-based security features where supported to mitigate memory safety issues. 9. Educate operational technology and embedded systems teams about this vulnerability and best practices for secure device management. 10. Review and update incident response plans to include scenarios involving embedded device vulnerabilities and potential data leakage.