CVE-2025-55083 is a buffer over-read vulnerability classified under CWE-126 found in the NetX Duo TCP/IP stack component of the Eclipse Foundation's ThreadX real-time operating system. The vulnerability exists in versions prior to 6.4.4 due to an incorrect bounds check that causes the software to read two bytes beyond the intended buffer boundary. This out-of-bounds read can lead to disclosure of sensitive information residing in adjacent memory areas, potentially exposing data to remote attackers. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring any authentication, privileges, or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, reflecting a medium severity level primarily due to the confidentiality impact and ease of exploitation. No integrity or availability impacts are noted, and no known exploits have been reported in the wild to date. The flaw affects embedded systems and IoT devices using NetX Duo, which is widely deployed in industrial control, telecommunications, and other real-time applications. The absence of a patch link in the provided data suggests that users should monitor the Eclipse Foundation advisories for updates and apply version 6.4.4 or later once available. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure memory handling in embedded network stacks to prevent information leakage.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-55083 is the potential unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information due to out-of-bounds memory reads in devices running vulnerable versions of NetX Duo. This can compromise confidentiality, especially in critical infrastructure sectors such as industrial automation, energy, telecommunications, and healthcare, where embedded real-time operating systems are prevalent. Although the vulnerability does not directly affect system integrity or availability, leaked information could aid attackers in further exploitation or reconnaissance. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the risk profile, as attackers can target exposed network interfaces without needing credentials or user interaction. Organizations relying on IoT devices, embedded controllers, or networked sensors with NetX Duo are particularly vulnerable. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as exploit code could be developed following public disclosure. Failure to address this vulnerability could lead to regulatory compliance issues under GDPR if personal or sensitive data is exposed.

1. Immediately identify all devices and systems running NetX Duo versions prior to 6.4.4 within the organization's environment, focusing on embedded and IoT devices. 2. Apply the official patch or upgrade to NetX Duo version 6.4.4 or later as soon as it becomes available from the Eclipse Foundation. 3. If patching is not immediately possible, implement network segmentation and firewall rules to restrict access to vulnerable devices, limiting exposure to untrusted networks. 4. Conduct memory and network traffic monitoring on affected devices to detect unusual data access patterns or potential exploitation attempts. 5. Review and harden device configurations to minimize unnecessary network services and interfaces exposed externally. 6. Engage with device vendors and suppliers to confirm patch availability and deployment timelines. 7. Incorporate this vulnerability into vulnerability management and incident response plans to ensure timely detection and remediation. 8. Perform security audits and penetration testing on embedded systems to identify similar memory handling issues proactively.