CVE-2025-5556 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Teacher Subject Allocation Management System, specifically within the /admin/edit-teacher-info.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'editid' parameter, which is used in SQL queries. An attacker can remotely manipulate this parameter to inject malicious SQL code, potentially allowing unauthorized access to or modification of the underlying database. This could lead to unauthorized data disclosure, data manipulation, or even complete compromise of the database backend. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and can be exploited remotely without authentication, increasing the risk of automated or targeted attacks. Although the CVSS 4.0 score is 5.3 (medium severity), the classification as critical in the description suggests that the impact could be significant depending on the deployment context. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the product, and no official patches or mitigations have been published yet. No known exploits are reported in the wild at this time, but public disclosure of the exploit code increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts.

For European organizations using the PHPGurukul Teacher Subject Allocation Management System, this vulnerability poses a risk to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive educational data, including teacher assignments and potentially personal information. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized data access, data corruption, or disruption of administrative functions critical to educational institutions. Given the remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit, attackers could leverage this vulnerability to gain footholds within school or university networks, potentially escalating privileges or moving laterally. This could also result in reputational damage and regulatory consequences under GDPR if personal data is compromised. The medium CVSS score suggests moderate ease of exploitation with limited scope, but the critical classification implies that in certain environments, the impact could be severe, especially if the system interfaces with other critical infrastructure or sensitive data repositories.

1. Immediate mitigation should include restricting access to the /admin/edit-teacher-info.php endpoint to trusted IP addresses or VPN users only, reducing the attack surface. 2. Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'editid' parameter. 3. Conduct a thorough code review and apply proper input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements to eliminate SQL injection vulnerabilities. 4. If possible, upgrade to a patched version once available or apply community-supplied patches after careful testing. 5. Monitor logs for suspicious activities related to the 'editid' parameter and unusual database queries. 6. Educate administrators on the risks and encourage immediate reporting of anomalies. 7. As a longer-term measure, consider migrating to more secure and actively maintained management systems with robust security practices.