CVE-2025-55676 is a vulnerability identified in the USB Video Driver component of Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0). The flaw stems from improper handling of error messages, specifically the generation of error messages that contain sensitive information. This vulnerability is classified under CWE-209, which relates to the generation of error messages containing sensitive data that could be leveraged by attackers. An authorized attacker with local access and low privileges can trigger this vulnerability to cause the system to output error messages that disclose confidential information. The vulnerability does not require user interaction, and the attacker does not need elevated privileges beyond local authorization. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5, indicating a medium severity level, with the vector string AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N, meaning the attack requires local access, low complexity, privileges, no user interaction, unchanged scope, and impacts confidentiality highly but not integrity or availability. No public exploits or patches are currently available, but the vulnerability has been officially published and reserved since August 2025. The issue could potentially aid attackers in reconnaissance or lateral movement by revealing sensitive system or driver information through error messages, which could be leveraged in subsequent attacks.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk primarily through the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information. Organizations with extensive use of Windows 11 25H2, particularly those relying on USB video devices (such as webcams or video capture hardware), could have sensitive system or configuration data exposed locally. This could facilitate further attacks, including privilege escalation or targeted exploitation, especially in environments where local access is possible, such as shared workstations or multi-user systems. Critical sectors like government, finance, healthcare, and industrial control systems could be more impacted due to the sensitivity of the data potentially exposed. However, since the vulnerability requires local access and does not affect system integrity or availability, the direct operational impact is limited. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers may develop exploits once patches are released.

1. Restrict local access to systems running Windows 11 Version 25H2, especially those with USB video devices, by enforcing strict physical and logical access controls. 2. Monitor and audit local user activities for unusual behavior or attempts to trigger error messages related to USB video drivers. 3. Disable or limit the use of USB video devices on sensitive systems where possible to reduce the attack surface. 4. Implement application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect anomalous local activities. 5. Once Microsoft releases patches or updates addressing this vulnerability, prioritize their deployment across all affected systems. 6. Educate IT staff and users about the risks of local privilege misuse and the importance of reporting unexpected error messages. 7. Use group policies or device control solutions to manage USB device usage and prevent unauthorized device connections.