CVE-2025-55700 is a security vulnerability classified under CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read) found in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) component of Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0). The vulnerability arises due to improper bounds checking in RRAS, which allows an attacker to read memory outside the intended buffer boundaries. This out-of-bounds read can lead to disclosure of sensitive information residing in adjacent memory areas. The flaw can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring any privileges (PR:N) but does require user interaction (UI:R), such as the victim system processing specially crafted network packets. The vulnerability does not impact system integrity or availability but has a high impact on confidentiality, as sensitive data may be leaked. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.5, reflecting medium severity. No public exploits or proof-of-concept code are currently known, and no patches have been released at the time of this report. RRAS is a service used to provide routing and remote access capabilities, often deployed in enterprise environments for VPN and network routing purposes. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could gain access to sensitive information that may facilitate further attacks or reconnaissance. The vulnerability was reserved in August 2025 and published in October 2025, indicating recent discovery. Due to the network attack vector and lack of required privileges, the vulnerability poses a realistic threat to exposed systems, especially those with RRAS enabled and accessible from untrusted networks.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-55700 is the potential disclosure of sensitive information from affected Windows 11 25H2 systems running RRAS. This information leakage could include memory contents that reveal credentials, configuration data, or other confidential information, which attackers could leverage for lateral movement, privilege escalation, or further targeted attacks. Enterprises relying on RRAS for VPN or routing services may face increased risk if these services are exposed to untrusted networks or the internet. The confidentiality breach could lead to compliance issues under GDPR if personal or sensitive data is exposed. Although the vulnerability does not affect system integrity or availability, the information disclosure alone can significantly compromise organizational security posture. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, as attackers may develop exploits once details become public. Organizations with extensive Windows 11 deployments and remote access infrastructure are particularly vulnerable, necessitating timely mitigation to prevent data leakage and subsequent attacks.

1. Apply official security patches from Microsoft promptly once they become available to address CVE-2025-55700. 2. Until patches are released, restrict RRAS exposure by disabling the service if not required or limiting its network accessibility using firewall rules and network segmentation to trusted internal networks only. 3. Monitor network traffic for unusual or malformed packets targeting RRAS ports to detect potential exploitation attempts. 4. Employ intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with updated signatures to identify attempts to exploit this vulnerability. 5. Conduct regular audits of Windows 11 systems to verify RRAS configurations and ensure unnecessary services are disabled. 6. Educate IT staff about this vulnerability and encourage vigilance for suspicious network activity related to RRAS. 7. Implement strong access controls and multi-factor authentication on remote access services to reduce risk from compromised credentials. 8. Review and enhance logging and alerting mechanisms for RRAS to enable rapid incident response if exploitation is detected.