CVE-2025-55704 is a vulnerability identified in multiple multifunction printers (MFPs) manufactured by Brother Industries, Ltd. The issue stems from hidden functionality within the affected devices that permits an attacker to remotely retrieve device logs without requiring authentication or user interaction. These logs may contain sensitive information, such as configuration details, user activity, or network data, which could be leveraged for further attacks or information gathering. The vulnerability is exploitable over the network (AV:N), with low attack complexity (AC:L), and does not require privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N). The scope is unchanged (S:U), and the impact is limited to confidentiality (C:L), with no impact on integrity or availability. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.3, categorizing it as medium severity. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and specific affected versions are to be confirmed via vendor advisories. The vulnerability highlights a design oversight where hidden or undocumented features expose sensitive data, emphasizing the need for secure device management and firmware validation. Given the widespread use of Brother MFPs in enterprise and government environments, this vulnerability could facilitate reconnaissance or data leakage if exploited.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-55704 is the potential unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information contained within MFP logs. This could include user activity logs, network configurations, or other operational data that may aid attackers in planning further intrusions or compromising privacy. Such data leakage could undermine compliance with GDPR and other data protection regulations, leading to legal and reputational consequences. While the vulnerability does not directly affect device integrity or availability, the exposure of sensitive logs can weaken overall security posture. Organizations in sectors with stringent data confidentiality requirements—such as finance, healthcare, and government—are particularly at risk. Additionally, since the vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, attackers could leverage it as an initial foothold or intelligence source within corporate networks. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as threat actors often develop exploits post-disclosure.

To mitigate CVE-2025-55704, organizations should first monitor vendor communications closely for official patches or firmware updates addressing the hidden functionality issue. Until patches are available, network segmentation should be implemented to isolate MFP devices from untrusted networks and restrict access to management interfaces via firewalls or access control lists. Disable any unnecessary or undocumented features on the devices if possible, and audit device configurations regularly to detect unauthorized changes. Employ network monitoring and intrusion detection systems to identify suspicious access attempts to MFP logs or management ports. Additionally, enforce strict physical security controls to prevent local exploitation. Organizations should also consider replacing or upgrading devices that cannot be patched in a timely manner. Finally, ensure that logging and monitoring policies account for potential information leakage from MFPs and integrate these devices into broader security incident response plans.