CVE-2025-55904VulnerabilityPublished 17 Sep 2025

CVE-2025-55904: n/a

Source CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 4.0 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

4.0Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 10% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Attack Vector: Local
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: None
Integrity: None
Availability: Low

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Local: The vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities. Either: the attacker exploits the vulnerability by accessing the target system locally (e.g., keyboard, console), or remotely (e.g., SSH); or the attacker relies on User Interaction by another person to perform actions required to exploit the vulnerability (e.g., tricking a legitimate user into opening a malicious document).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the impacted component.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the impacted component are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 17 Sep 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

AI-suggested

European organizations should prioritize the following mitigations: 1) Upgrade Open5GS to versions including the fix after commit 67ba7f92bbd7a378954895d96d9d7b05d5b64615 as soon as patches become available. 2) Implement strict input validation and filtering on the SBI endpoints to reject malformed or empty multipart/related HTTP POST requests before they reach vulnerable code paths. 3) Employ network segmentation and access controls to restrict access to SBI interfaces only to trusted internal systems and authenticated network functions, minimizing exposure to untrusted sources. 4) Monitor logs and network traffic for unusual multipart HTTP POST requests with empty bodies targeting SBI endpoints, enabling early detection of exploitation attempts. 5) Conduct regular security assessments and fuzz testing on Open5GS deployments to identify similar parsing vulnerabilities proactively. 6) Develop and test incident response plans to quickly recover affected network functions in case of DoS incidents. 7) Collaborate with Open5GS community and vendors for timely updates and security advisories. These measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on network-level protections, input validation, and operational readiness specific to the 5G core network context.

Description

Open5GS v2.7.5, prior to commit 67ba7f92bbd7a378954895d96d9d7b05d5b64615, is vulnerable to a NULL pointer dereference when a multipart/related HTTP POST request with an empty HTTP body is sent to the SBI of either AMF, AUSF, BSF, NRF, NSSF, PCF, SMF, UDM, or UDR, resulting in a denial of service. This occurs in the parse_multipart function in lib/sbi/message.c.

Impact

For European organizations, especially telecom operators, research institutions, and enterprises deploying Open5GS for private 5G networks, this vulnerability could lead to partial or full denial of service of critical 5G core network functions. Disruption of AMF, SMF, or NRF services can degrade or halt subscriber mobility management, session management, and network function discovery, impacting end-user connectivity and service continuity. Given the increasing adoption of 5G infrastructure in Europe for industrial automation, smart cities, and critical communications, such outages could affect business operations, emergency services, and IoT deployments. Although the attack vector is local, meaning the attacker needs network access to the SBI endpoints, compromised internal systems or malicious insiders could exploit this to cause service interruptions. The lack of confidentiality or integrity impact reduces risks of data breaches, but availability degradation in telecom core functions can have cascading effects on dependent services and SLAs. The absence of known exploits suggests limited immediate threat, but proactive mitigation is essential to maintain network reliability and trust.

CWE-476NULL Pointer Dereference (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: MediumCWE Top 25 (2025): #13OWASP Top 10 A10:2025: Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions (opens in a new tab)
The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL.
Implementation
For any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished.
Requirements
Select a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.
Implementation
Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Logging (opens in a new tab)
Error Handling (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V11.1.7 (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 17 Sep 2025, 14:39 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-476

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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