CVE-2025-5604 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the Campcodes Hospital Management System, specifically within the /user-login.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'Username' parameter, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL code directly into the backend database query. This flaw enables remote attackers to manipulate the SQL statements executed by the system without requiring any authentication or user interaction. Exploiting this vulnerability could allow attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms, extract sensitive patient and hospital data, modify or delete records, and potentially execute administrative operations on the database. Given that the vulnerability is remotely exploitable and does not require privileges or user interaction, it poses a significant risk to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of hospital management data. Although the CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9 (medium severity), the potential impact on sensitive healthcare information and operational continuity elevates the criticality of this issue in real-world scenarios. The lack of available patches or mitigations at the time of disclosure further increases the urgency for affected organizations to implement compensating controls.

For European healthcare organizations using Campcodes Hospital Management System 1.0, this vulnerability could lead to severe consequences including unauthorized access to patient records, exposure of personally identifiable information (PII), and disruption of hospital operations. The healthcare sector is heavily regulated in Europe under GDPR, and breaches involving patient data can result in substantial fines and reputational damage. Additionally, compromised hospital management systems could affect clinical workflows, delay patient care, and undermine trust in healthcare providers. The ability to remotely exploit this vulnerability without authentication means attackers could launch attacks at scale, potentially targeting multiple hospitals or clinics simultaneously. This threat also raises concerns about potential ransomware or data manipulation attacks that could further impact healthcare delivery and patient safety.

1. Immediate implementation of input validation and parameterized queries (prepared statements) in the /user-login.php script to prevent SQL injection. 2. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the Username parameter. 3. Conduct thorough code reviews and security testing of the Campcodes Hospital Management System, focusing on all user input points. 4. Isolate the hospital management system network segment to limit exposure to external threats and restrict access to trusted personnel only. 5. Monitor logs for unusual login attempts or database errors indicative of injection attempts. 6. Engage with the vendor Campcodes for official patches or updates and apply them promptly once available. 7. Educate IT and security teams in healthcare organizations about this vulnerability and encourage rapid incident response readiness. 8. Consider deploying database activity monitoring tools to detect anomalous queries in real time.