CVE-2025-5668 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Medical Card Generation System, specifically within the /admin/readenq.php file. The vulnerability arises due to improper sanitization or validation of the 'ID' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries. This flaw allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction. Exploiting this vulnerability could enable attackers to manipulate the backend database, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even deletion. Given that the affected system is a medical card generation platform, the database likely contains sensitive personal and medical information, increasing the risk associated with data breaches. The CVSS 4.0 score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting that while the attack vector is network-based and requires no user interaction, it does require some level of privileges (PR:L) and results in low confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts. However, the exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation despite no known active exploits in the wild at this time.

For European organizations using the PHPGurukul Medical Card Generation System, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive health data. Unauthorized access to medical card information could lead to privacy violations under GDPR, resulting in legal and financial penalties. Additionally, manipulation or deletion of medical card data could disrupt healthcare services, impacting patient care continuity. The medium severity score suggests that while the vulnerability is exploitable remotely, some privilege level is required, which may limit immediate exploitation but does not eliminate the risk. The public disclosure of the exploit increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks, especially targeting healthcare providers or government agencies managing medical records. The potential impact extends beyond data theft to include reputational damage and operational disruptions in healthcare delivery.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately review and sanitize all inputs, particularly the 'ID' parameter in /admin/readenq.php, using prepared statements or parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection. Applying input validation and employing web application firewalls (WAFs) with specific rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts can provide additional protection. Since no official patch is currently available, organizations should consider isolating the vulnerable system from public networks or restricting access to trusted IPs only. Conducting thorough code audits and penetration testing focused on injection flaws is recommended. Additionally, monitoring database logs for unusual queries and implementing strict access controls to limit privileges can reduce the risk and impact of exploitation. Organizations should also stay alert for any future patches or updates from PHPGurukul and apply them promptly.