CVE-2025-57786 is a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in MedDream PACS Premium version 7.3.6.870, a medical imaging software widely used for managing and viewing medical images. The vulnerability resides in the notifynewstudy functionality, where user-supplied input is improperly neutralized during web page generation, allowing malicious input to be reflected back in the HTTP response without adequate sanitization. This flaw enables an attacker to craft a specially designed URL containing malicious JavaScript code. When a user clicks this URL, the script executes in the context of the victim’s browser session, potentially leading to theft of session cookies, user impersonation, or unauthorized actions within the application. The vulnerability does not require prior authentication, increasing its risk profile, but does require user interaction (clicking the malicious link). The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.1, reflecting medium severity with network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required, and impacts on confidentiality and integrity but not availability. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the vulnerability is publicly disclosed and should be addressed promptly. The reflected XSS nature means the attack is transient and depends on social engineering to lure victims to the malicious URL. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-79, which covers improper neutralization of input leading to XSS attacks. The lack of a vendor patch link suggests that a fix may not yet be available, emphasizing the need for interim mitigations.

For European organizations, especially healthcare providers using MedDream PACS Premium, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to patient data confidentiality and system integrity. Exploitation could allow attackers to hijack user sessions, steal sensitive medical information, or perform unauthorized actions within the PACS system. Given the critical nature of medical imaging data and regulatory requirements such as GDPR, any compromise could lead to severe privacy violations, legal penalties, and reputational damage. The reflected XSS attack vector also enables phishing campaigns targeting healthcare staff, increasing the likelihood of successful exploitation. While availability is not directly impacted, the indirect consequences of data breaches or unauthorized access could disrupt clinical workflows and patient care. The vulnerability's medium severity suggests a moderate but non-negligible threat level, warranting timely remediation to prevent escalation or chaining with other vulnerabilities. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not preclude future attacks.

1. Monitor MedDream vendor communications closely for official patches addressing CVE-2025-57786 and apply them promptly once available. 2. Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block suspicious input patterns targeting the notifynewstudy functionality, focusing on script injection attempts. 3. Employ strict input validation and output encoding on all user-controllable inputs within the PACS web interface to neutralize potentially malicious scripts. 4. Conduct user awareness training for healthcare staff to recognize and avoid clicking on suspicious or unsolicited URLs, especially those purporting to relate to medical imaging studies. 5. Restrict access to the PACS web interface to trusted networks or VPNs to reduce exposure to external attackers. 6. Enable Content Security Policy (CSP) headers on the PACS web server to limit the execution of unauthorized scripts. 7. Regularly audit and monitor web server logs for unusual URL access patterns indicative of attempted XSS exploitation. 8. Consider deploying browser security extensions or endpoint protections that can mitigate the impact of reflected XSS attacks. These targeted measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific vulnerable functionality and the healthcare operational context.