CVE-2025-57881 is a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the modifyEmail functionality of MedDream PACS Premium version 7.3.6.870. This vulnerability arises due to improper neutralization of user-supplied input during web page generation, classified under CWE-79. An attacker can craft a malicious URL containing JavaScript payloads that, when clicked by an authenticated or unauthenticated user, executes arbitrary scripts in the victim’s browser context. This can lead to theft of session cookies, manipulation of the user interface, or execution of unauthorized actions within the PACS application. The vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network without requiring any privileges, but it does require user interaction to trigger the malicious URL. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.1, indicating medium severity, with the vector highlighting network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required, and a scope change due to potential impact beyond the vulnerable component. No public exploits or active exploitation have been reported to date. MedDream PACS Premium is a medical imaging software widely used in healthcare environments for managing and viewing medical images, making this vulnerability particularly sensitive due to the potential exposure of protected health information (PHI) and the critical nature of healthcare operations. The vulnerability could be leveraged by attackers to conduct phishing campaigns or targeted attacks against healthcare personnel, potentially leading to broader compromise of healthcare systems if combined with other vulnerabilities or social engineering tactics.

For European organizations, especially healthcare providers using MedDream PACS Premium 7.3.6.870, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to patient data confidentiality and the integrity of medical imaging workflows. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to steal session tokens, impersonate users, or manipulate displayed medical information, potentially leading to misdiagnosis or disruption of clinical operations. Given the critical nature of healthcare services and stringent data protection regulations such as GDPR, any compromise could result in severe legal, financial, and reputational consequences. Additionally, the reflected XSS vulnerability could be used as a foothold for further attacks within hospital networks, including lateral movement or deployment of ransomware. The requirement for user interaction means that phishing or social engineering campaigns could be effective vectors. The impact is amplified by the strategic importance of healthcare infrastructure in Europe and the increasing targeting of this sector by cybercriminals and nation-state actors.

1. Immediate mitigation should include educating users, especially healthcare staff, about the risks of clicking on unsolicited or suspicious links, emphasizing phishing awareness. 2. Deploy web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules specifically designed to detect and block reflected XSS payloads targeting the modifyEmail functionality. 3. Implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied inputs within the application, particularly in the modifyEmail feature, to neutralize malicious scripts. 4. Apply the latest patches or updates from MedDream as soon as they become available; if no patch is currently released, coordinate with the vendor for interim fixes or workarounds. 5. Monitor web server and application logs for unusual URL patterns or repeated access attempts to the vulnerable endpoint. 6. Consider isolating or restricting access to the PACS web interface to trusted networks or VPNs to reduce exposure. 7. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on web application vulnerabilities to detect similar issues proactively.