CVE-2025-58295 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability classified under CWE-121, discovered in the development framework module of Huawei's HarmonyOS versions 5.0.1 and 5.1.0. This vulnerability arises when the software improperly handles buffer boundaries, allowing an attacker to overwrite the stack memory. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.9, indicating a medium severity level. The attack vector is local (AV:L), meaning exploitation requires local access to the device, but no privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N) are needed, which lowers the complexity of exploitation. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a limited degree (C:L/I:L/A:L), primarily threatening system availability by potentially causing crashes or denial of service conditions. No public exploits or patches are currently available, but the vulnerability has been officially published and reserved since August 2025. The affected module is part of the development framework, which may be leveraged by applications or system components, increasing the risk of disruption if exploited. The buffer overflow could lead to memory corruption, enabling attackers to destabilize the system or execute arbitrary code under certain conditions, though the current assessment focuses on availability impact. The lack of required privileges or user interaction suggests that any local user or process could trigger the vulnerability, emphasizing the need for strict local access controls. HarmonyOS is increasingly deployed in Huawei devices, including smartphones, IoT devices, and embedded systems, which broadens the potential attack surface.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-58295 is the potential disruption of services and device availability, especially in environments where HarmonyOS-powered devices are integral to operations. This includes sectors such as telecommunications, manufacturing, and smart infrastructure where Huawei hardware and software are prevalent. The vulnerability could lead to denial of service conditions, causing operational downtime and affecting business continuity. Although the confidentiality and integrity impacts are rated low, the availability impact could have cascading effects on dependent systems and services. The local attack vector limits remote exploitation risk, but insider threats or compromised local devices could exploit this vulnerability. Given the increasing adoption of HarmonyOS in IoT and embedded devices, critical infrastructure components may be at risk, potentially affecting industrial control systems and smart city deployments. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but also means organizations must proactively monitor and prepare for potential future attacks. The medium severity rating suggests that while the threat is not critical, it warrants timely attention to prevent exploitation and maintain system reliability.

1. Monitor Huawei’s official channels for patches or updates addressing CVE-2025-58295 and apply them promptly once available. 2. Restrict local access to devices running affected HarmonyOS versions through strict physical security controls and user access management. 3. Implement runtime protections such as stack canaries, address space layout randomization (ASLR), and control-flow integrity (CFI) where possible to mitigate buffer overflow exploitation. 4. Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments on HarmonyOS devices within the organization to detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. 5. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring local system calls and memory corruption attempts. 6. Limit installation of untrusted or unnecessary applications on HarmonyOS devices to reduce attack surface. 7. Educate users and administrators about the risks of local exploitation and enforce policies to prevent unauthorized device access. 8. For critical infrastructure, consider network segmentation to isolate HarmonyOS devices and minimize potential impact. 9. Maintain comprehensive logging and incident response plans tailored to potential availability disruptions caused by this vulnerability.