CVE-2025-58409 is a memory corruption vulnerability classified under CWE-119, found in the Imagination Technologies Graphics Device Driver Kit (DDK). The flaw allows software running with non-privileged user rights to issue improper GPU system calls that subvert the GPU hardware, enabling it to write to arbitrary physical memory pages. This is possible because the driver fails to properly restrict operations within the bounds of memory buffers, allowing unauthorized write access beyond intended limits. Under certain conditions, this exploit can corrupt memory pages used by the kernel and other drivers, potentially altering their behavior and compromising system integrity. The attack vector involves leveraging GPU hardware to perform unauthorized write operations on restricted internal GPU buffers, which then leads to secondary effects of arbitrary physical memory corruption. This can result in privilege escalation, system crashes, or persistent compromise. The affected versions are 1.15 RTM, 1.17 RTM, 1.18 RTM, and 23.2 RTM of the Graphics DDK. No patches or exploits are currently publicly available, and no CVSS score has been assigned. The vulnerability is significant because it allows a non-privileged user to impact kernel memory, a critical security boundary, without requiring user interaction or elevated privileges initially.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-58409 is substantial, especially in sectors relying on embedded systems, industrial control, telecommunications, and consumer electronics that utilize Imagination Technologies GPUs. Successful exploitation could lead to kernel memory corruption, causing system instability, denial of service, or privilege escalation to gain unauthorized control over systems. This could compromise sensitive data confidentiality and integrity, disrupt critical infrastructure operations, and facilitate further attacks such as malware persistence or lateral movement within networks. The lack of required user interaction and the ability to exploit from a non-privileged context increase the risk profile. Organizations in finance, healthcare, manufacturing, and government sectors are particularly vulnerable due to their reliance on secure and stable computing environments. The threat also extends to device manufacturers and software vendors who integrate these GPU drivers into their products, potentially affecting supply chain security.

Immediate mitigation steps include restricting access to GPU devices only to trusted and verified software components, employing strict access control policies, and monitoring GPU-related system calls for anomalous behavior. Organizations should implement application whitelisting and sandboxing to limit the execution of untrusted code that could exploit this vulnerability. Network segmentation can reduce the risk of lateral movement if exploitation occurs. Since no patches are currently available, organizations should engage with Imagination Technologies for updates and advisories. Firmware and driver updates should be applied promptly once released. Security teams should also conduct thorough audits of systems using affected GPU drivers to identify potential exploitation attempts. Employing kernel integrity monitoring and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions can help detect unusual memory corruption or privilege escalation activities. Finally, organizations should review and harden their GPU driver configurations and consider disabling GPU features not required for operational purposes to reduce the attack surface.