CVE-2025-58424 is a vulnerability identified in F5 Networks' BIG-IP product, specifically affecting versions 15.1.0, 16.1.0, and 17.1.0. The root cause is related to CWE-340, which concerns the generation of predictable numbers or identifiers. This weakness can be exploited by sending undisclosed or crafted traffic to the BIG-IP system, resulting in data corruption and unauthorized modification of data within protocols that do not implement message integrity protection. Since these protocols lack cryptographic verification of message authenticity, an attacker can manipulate data in transit, potentially altering session states or configuration data. The vulnerability does not affect confidentiality or availability directly, and no authentication or user interaction is required to exploit it, making it remotely exploitable over the network. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.3, indicating medium severity, with the vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N, meaning network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, unchanged scope, no confidentiality impact, limited integrity impact, and no availability impact. The vulnerability is not evaluated for versions that have reached End of Technical Support. No public exploits or active exploitation have been reported to date. The absence of patch links suggests that remediation may require vendor updates or configuration changes once available. This vulnerability highlights the risks of relying on protocols without message integrity checks in critical network infrastructure devices like BIG-IP, which are widely used for load balancing, application delivery, and security functions.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-58424 is the potential for unauthorized modification and corruption of data handled by BIG-IP devices, particularly in network protocols lacking message integrity protection. This can lead to compromised data integrity in critical network traffic, potentially affecting application delivery, session management, and security policies enforced by BIG-IP. While confidentiality and availability are not directly impacted, integrity breaches can cause operational disruptions, misrouting, or incorrect application behavior, which may lead to service degradation or compliance issues. Organizations in sectors such as finance, telecommunications, government, and critical infrastructure that rely heavily on BIG-IP for secure and reliable network services are at higher risk. The vulnerability's remote exploitability without authentication increases the threat surface, especially for externally facing BIG-IP deployments. However, the lack of known exploits and the medium severity rating suggest that immediate widespread impact is limited but warrants proactive mitigation to prevent future exploitation.

1. Monitor network traffic for anomalies or unexpected modifications in protocols lacking message integrity protection, focusing on BIG-IP devices. 2. Restrict access to BIG-IP management interfaces and limit exposure of vulnerable protocols to untrusted networks using network segmentation and firewall rules. 3. Implement additional integrity verification mechanisms at the application or protocol layer where possible to compensate for protocol weaknesses. 4. Stay informed of F5 Networks' security advisories and promptly apply patches or updates addressing this vulnerability once released. 5. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests targeting BIG-IP deployments to detect potential exploitation attempts. 6. Employ strict configuration management and change control to prevent unauthorized modifications to BIG-IP settings. 7. Consider deploying intrusion detection or prevention systems (IDS/IPS) tuned to detect exploitation attempts related to predictable identifier generation. 8. Educate network and security teams on the risks associated with protocols lacking message integrity and the importance of layered security controls.