CVE-2025-58730 is a use-after-free vulnerability categorized under CWE-416 found in the Inbox COM Objects component of Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0). Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to use a pointer after the memory it points to has been freed, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or system crashes. In this case, an unauthorized attacker with local access can exploit the flaw to execute arbitrary code on the affected system. The vulnerability requires user interaction, such as opening a specially crafted file or triggering a specific COM object operation, and has a high attack complexity, meaning exploitation is not trivial but feasible. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.0, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, but limited by the need for local access and user interaction. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and no official patches have been released at the time of publication. The vulnerability is significant because it allows code execution without requiring elevated privileges, potentially enabling privilege escalation chains. The Inbox COM Objects are integral to Windows system operations, so exploitation could lead to system compromise or data breaches. Organizations running Windows 11 25H2 should be aware of this vulnerability and prepare mitigation strategies.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-58730 could be substantial. Many enterprises and government agencies in Europe have adopted Windows 11 25H2, making the attack surface considerable. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution, enabling attackers to install malware, steal sensitive data, or disrupt critical services. The vulnerability's ability to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability simultaneously raises concerns for sectors such as finance, healthcare, and critical infrastructure. Local access requirement limits remote exploitation but insider threats or compromised user accounts could be leveraged. The lack of current exploits reduces immediate risk but also means organizations must act proactively. The potential for privilege escalation following initial code execution could allow attackers to gain full system control, increasing the severity of impact. Disruption of business operations and regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR) due to data breaches are possible consequences.

Given the absence of an official patch, European organizations should implement layered mitigations. First, restrict local user permissions to the minimum necessary, preventing unprivileged users from triggering vulnerable COM objects. Employ application whitelisting and endpoint protection platforms capable of detecting anomalous COM object usage or suspicious local code execution attempts. Enable enhanced logging and monitoring for local privilege escalation attempts and unusual process behaviors. Educate users to avoid interacting with untrusted files or links that could trigger the vulnerability. Network segmentation can limit lateral movement if exploitation occurs. Prepare for rapid deployment of official patches once released by Microsoft. Additionally, consider deploying exploit mitigation technologies such as Control Flow Guard (CFG) and Data Execution Prevention (DEP) to reduce exploitation success. Conduct regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing focused on local privilege escalation vectors.