CVE-2025-58781 is a security vulnerability identified in the WTW-EAGLE App for iOS, developed by Wireless Tsukamoto Co., Ltd. The vulnerability arises from improper validation of server certificates by the application. Specifically, the app fails to correctly verify the authenticity of the server's TLS/SSL certificates during encrypted communications. This flaw can be exploited by a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacker who intercepts the network traffic between the app and its backend servers. By exploiting this improper certificate validation, the attacker can present a fraudulent certificate and the app would accept it as valid, thereby allowing the attacker to decrypt, monitor, and potentially manipulate the encrypted data transmitted. The vulnerability affects all versions of the WTW-EAGLE App prior to version 4.4.1. The CVSS v3.0 base score is 4.8, indicating a medium severity level. The vector string (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N) shows that the attack is network-based, requires high attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction, and impacts confidentiality and integrity to a limited extent without affecting availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The vulnerability was published on September 12, 2025, and is assigned by JPCERT. The lack of proper certificate validation is a common and critical security flaw in mobile applications, as it undermines the fundamental trust model of TLS/SSL, potentially exposing sensitive user data such as authentication tokens, personal information, or business data to interception and tampering.

For European organizations using the WTW-EAGLE App on iOS devices, this vulnerability poses a risk of data interception and manipulation during communication with backend services. The compromised confidentiality and integrity of data could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, including corporate credentials or proprietary data, especially if the app is used for business-critical functions or sensitive communications. Although the attack complexity is high, targeted attackers with network access (e.g., on public Wi-Fi or compromised networks) could exploit this vulnerability. This risk is particularly relevant for organizations with remote or mobile workforces relying on the app. The absence of availability impact means service disruption is unlikely, but the silent nature of MitM attacks could delay detection. Additionally, regulatory compliance frameworks in Europe, such as GDPR, impose strict requirements on protecting personal data in transit, and exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to compliance violations and reputational damage. The medium severity rating indicates a moderate risk, but the actual impact depends on the sensitivity of the data transmitted and the deployment scale within European enterprises.

European organizations should prioritize updating the WTW-EAGLE App to version 4.4.1 or later, where the certificate validation issue is presumably fixed. Until the update is deployed, organizations should restrict the app's use to trusted network environments and avoid public or untrusted Wi-Fi networks to reduce the risk of MitM attacks. Network-level mitigations such as enforcing VPN usage with strong encryption can help protect data in transit. Additionally, organizations should implement network monitoring to detect unusual TLS certificate anomalies or suspicious traffic patterns indicative of MitM activity. Application developers and security teams should review the app's certificate validation logic and consider implementing certificate pinning or using platform-provided secure networking APIs that enforce strict certificate checks. User awareness training about the risks of connecting to insecure networks and recognizing suspicious app behavior can also reduce exploitation likelihood. Finally, organizations should conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing on mobile applications to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively.