CVE-2025-58781VulnerabilityPublished 12 Sep 2025

CVE-2025-58781: Wireless Tsukamoto WTW-EAGLE App for iOS · Improper certificate validation

Affects Wireless Tsukamoto WTW-EAGLE App for iOSSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 4.8 Medium : upgrade to 4.4.1 when convenient.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.0 base score

4.8Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 3% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
Patch: Available – fixed in 4.4.1

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: High
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: High: A successful attack depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control. That is, a successful attack cannot be accomplished at will, but requires the attacker to invest in some measurable amount of effort in preparation or execution against the vulnerable component before a successful attack can be expected. For example, a successful attack may require an attacker to: gather knowledge about the environment in which the vulnerable target/component exists; prepare the target environment to improve exploit reliability; or inject themselves into the logical network path between the target and the resource requested by the victim in order to read and/or modify network communications (e.g., a man in the middle attack).
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 12 Sep 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade Wireless Tsukamoto WTW-EAGLE App for iOS to 4.4.1.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Wireless Tsukamoto Co., Ltd. WTW-EAGLE App for iOS	Affected <4.4.1	Fixed in 4.4.1

AI-suggested

European organizations should prioritize updating the WTW-EAGLE App to version 4.4.1 or later, where the certificate validation issue is presumably fixed. Until the update is deployed, organizations should restrict the app's use to trusted network environments and avoid public or untrusted Wi-Fi networks to reduce the risk of MitM attacks. Network-level mitigations such as enforcing VPN usage with strong encryption can help protect data in transit. Additionally, organizations should implement network monitoring to detect unusual TLS certificate anomalies or suspicious traffic patterns indicative of MitM activity. Application developers and security teams should review the app's certificate validation logic and consider implementing certificate pinning or using platform-provided secure networking APIs that enforce strict certificate checks. User awareness training about the risks of connecting to insecure networks and recognizing suspicious app behavior can also reduce exploitation likelihood. Finally, organizations should conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing on mobile applications to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively.

Description

WTW-EAGLE App does not properly validate server certificates, which may allow a man-in-the-middle attacker to monitor encrypted traffic.

Impact

For European organizations using the WTW-EAGLE App on iOS devices, this vulnerability poses a risk of data interception and manipulation during communication with backend services. The compromised confidentiality and integrity of data could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, including corporate credentials or proprietary data, especially if the app is used for business-critical functions or sensitive communications. Although the attack complexity is high, targeted attackers with network access (e.g., on public Wi-Fi or compromised networks) could exploit this vulnerability. This risk is particularly relevant for organizations with remote or mobile workforces relying on the app. The absence of availability impact means service disruption is unlikely, but the silent nature of MitM attacks could delay detection. Additionally, regulatory compliance frameworks in Europe, such as GDPR, impose strict requirements on protecting personal data in transit, and exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to compliance violations and reputational damage. The medium severity rating indicates a moderate risk, but the actual impact depends on the sensitivity of the data transmitted and the deployment scale within European enterprises.

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 12 Sep 2025, 16:33 UTC

Technical details

References

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