CVE-2025-59195 is a race condition vulnerability classified under CWE-362, found in the Microsoft Graphics Component of Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0). The flaw arises from improper synchronization when multiple threads or processes concurrently access shared resources within the graphics subsystem. This concurrency issue can lead to inconsistent states or resource conflicts, enabling an authorized local attacker with low privileges to trigger a denial of service (DoS) condition. The attacker does not require user interaction, but the attack complexity is high due to the need to precisely time concurrent operations. The vulnerability affects confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as it may cause system crashes or instability, potentially disrupting critical services relying on graphics processing. Although no public exploits are known, the high CVSS score of 7.0 reflects the significant impact if exploited. The vulnerability is currently unpatched, and Microsoft has not released mitigation updates. The flaw is particularly concerning for environments where Windows 11 25H2 is deployed extensively, especially in enterprise settings with graphics-intensive applications or multi-user systems. The race condition could be exploited by malicious insiders or compromised local accounts to degrade system reliability or cause service interruptions.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of local denial of service attacks that can disrupt business operations, especially in sectors relying on Windows 11 25H2 for critical graphics workloads such as design, media, and engineering. The potential for system crashes or instability can lead to downtime, loss of productivity, and increased operational costs. Confidentiality and integrity impacts, while less direct, arise from the possibility of corrupted graphics data or system states. Organizations with multi-user environments or shared workstations are more vulnerable to exploitation by low-privileged insiders or malware that gains local access. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, particularly as attackers may develop exploits over time. The high attack complexity somewhat limits widespread exploitation, but targeted attacks against high-value European enterprises remain a concern. This vulnerability could also affect public sector and critical infrastructure entities that use Windows 11 25H2, potentially impacting service availability and trust.

Since no patches are currently available, European organizations should implement interim mitigations such as restricting local access to trusted users only and enforcing strict privilege management to minimize the number of accounts with local access. Monitoring systems for unusual graphics subsystem behavior or crashes can provide early detection of exploitation attempts. Organizations should prepare for rapid deployment of patches once Microsoft releases updates by maintaining robust patch management processes. Employing application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. Additionally, isolating critical systems and limiting concurrent access to shared graphics resources can reduce the likelihood of triggering the race condition. Security teams should also educate users about the risks of local privilege escalation and enforce policies to prevent unauthorized software execution. Finally, maintaining up-to-date backups ensures recovery capability in case of denial of service or system instability.