CVE-2025-5942 is a medium-severity heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-122) found in the Netskope Client agent (NS Client) on Windows systems, specifically within the epdlpdrv.sys driver component. This vulnerability arises when an unprivileged user triggers a heap overflow condition in the driver, which is part of the Endpoint Data Loss Prevention (DLP) functionality. The overflow can cause the system to crash, resulting in a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD), effectively causing a denial-of-service (DoS) condition on the local machine. The vulnerability requires that the Netskope Client be configured to use Endpoint DLP, and exploitation does not require user interaction but does require low-level privileges (unprivileged user with local access). The CVSS 4.0 score of 5.7 reflects a medium severity, with attack vector local, low attack complexity, partial privileges required, no user interaction, and high impact on availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability was reserved in June 2025 and published in August 2025, indicating it is a recent discovery. The affected product is widely used in enterprise environments for cloud security and data protection, making this vulnerability relevant for organizations relying on Netskope's Endpoint DLP capabilities on Windows endpoints.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-5942 primarily manifests as a denial-of-service condition on Windows endpoints running the Netskope Client with Endpoint DLP enabled. This can disrupt business operations by causing unexpected system crashes, potentially leading to loss of productivity and interruption of security monitoring or data protection workflows. While the vulnerability does not directly lead to data exfiltration or privilege escalation, the resulting instability could be exploited as part of a broader attack chain or cause operational disruptions in critical environments. Organizations in sectors with stringent data protection requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and government, may face compliance risks if endpoint security solutions become unreliable. Additionally, repeated crashes could increase helpdesk workload and operational costs. Since exploitation requires local access, the threat is more relevant in scenarios where unprivileged users share systems or where endpoint security is deployed on devices accessible by multiple users. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the need for proactive mitigation.

European organizations should prioritize the following specific mitigation steps: 1) Monitor Netskope's official channels for patches or updates addressing CVE-2025-5942 and apply them promptly once available. 2) Restrict local user permissions on Windows endpoints to minimize the number of unprivileged users who can access systems with the Netskope Client installed, especially those configured with Endpoint DLP. 3) Implement endpoint monitoring to detect abnormal system crashes or BSOD events potentially linked to this vulnerability. 4) Temporarily disable or reconfigure Endpoint DLP features in the Netskope Client if feasible, particularly on systems with multiple unprivileged users, until a patch is deployed. 5) Conduct internal audits to identify all Windows endpoints running the vulnerable Netskope Client version and prioritize remediation on critical assets. 6) Educate IT and security teams about the vulnerability to ensure rapid incident response if exploitation attempts are detected. 7) Employ application whitelisting and endpoint protection solutions that can detect or block attempts to exploit heap overflow conditions in kernel drivers.