CVE-2025-59814 is a high-severity SQL Injection vulnerability (CWE-89) affecting the Zenitel ICX500 and ICX510 Gateway Billing Admin endpoint, specifically in versions prior to 1.4.3.3. This vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands, allowing an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject malicious SQL queries. Exploiting this flaw enables the attacker to gain unauthorized access to the Billing Admin database, potentially reading its entire contents. The vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8, reflecting its high impact and relatively low attack complexity. The attack vector is adjacent network (AV:A), meaning exploitation requires network access to the device but no privileges or user interaction. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as attackers can exfiltrate sensitive billing data, modify database contents, or disrupt service. No known exploits have been reported in the wild yet, but the lack of required authentication and user interaction makes this vulnerability a significant risk. The ICX500 and ICX510 are specialized communication gateways used in telephony and intercom systems, often deployed in enterprise and critical infrastructure environments. The Billing Admin endpoint likely contains sensitive usage and billing records, making the data valuable for attackers aiming at espionage, fraud, or disruption. Given the nature of the vulnerability, attackers could craft SQL injection payloads to enumerate database schema, extract sensitive data, or escalate their access within the system. The absence of published patches at this time increases the urgency for affected organizations to implement compensating controls and monitor for suspicious activity.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-59814 is significant, especially for those relying on Zenitel ICX500/ICX510 gateways in their telecommunication infrastructure. Unauthorized access to billing databases can lead to exposure of sensitive customer or internal usage data, financial information, and operational details. This could result in privacy violations under GDPR, financial fraud, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties. Additionally, attackers could manipulate billing data, causing financial discrepancies or denial of service by corrupting the database. Critical sectors such as telecommunications providers, government agencies, healthcare, and utilities that use these gateways are at heightened risk. The vulnerability’s exploitation could also serve as a foothold for lateral movement within networks, potentially leading to broader compromises. The high severity and ease of exploitation without authentication make this a pressing threat for European entities, necessitating immediate attention to prevent data breaches and service disruptions.

1. Upgrade affected Zenitel ICX500/ICX510 devices to version 1.4.3.3 or later as soon as a patch becomes available from the vendor. 2. Until patches are released, restrict network access to the Billing Admin endpoint by implementing strict firewall rules limiting access to trusted management networks only. 3. Employ network segmentation to isolate the ICX devices from general user and internet-facing networks. 4. Monitor network traffic for unusual SQL queries or anomalous access patterns targeting the Billing Admin interface. 5. Implement intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or heuristics to detect SQL injection attempts against these devices. 6. Conduct regular audits of billing database integrity and access logs to identify unauthorized activities. 7. Enforce strong authentication and access controls on management interfaces where possible, even if the vulnerability does not require authentication, to reduce attack surface. 8. Engage with Zenitel support channels to obtain timely updates and guidance. 9. Prepare incident response plans specific to potential data exfiltration or manipulation scenarios involving these gateways.