CVE-2025-60963 is an OS Command Injection vulnerability identified in the EndRun Technologies Sonoma D12 Network Time Server running firmware version 4.00. The vulnerability allows an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary operating system commands on the affected device. This can lead to multiple severe consequences including remote code execution, denial of service conditions, privilege escalation, and unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information stored or processed by the device. The Sonoma D12 is a GPS-based network time server used to provide precise time synchronization across networked systems, which is critical for many industrial, telecommunications, financial, and governmental infrastructures. Exploitation of this vulnerability could allow attackers to disrupt time synchronization services, potentially causing cascading failures or security issues in dependent systems. The vulnerability is present due to insufficient input validation or sanitization in the firmware’s command processing functions. No CVSS score has been assigned yet, and there are no known public exploits at this time. However, the nature of the vulnerability suggests that an attacker with network access to the device could exploit it remotely without requiring user interaction. The lack of available patches or mitigations at the time of publication increases the urgency for affected organizations to implement compensating controls. The vulnerability’s impact extends beyond the device itself, as compromised time servers can undermine the integrity of logs, authentication protocols, and time-sensitive transactions.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-60963 can be significant due to the critical role that network time servers play in maintaining synchronized time across IT and operational technology environments. Disruption or compromise of time synchronization can affect financial transaction accuracy, legal compliance (e.g., GDPR logging requirements), telecommunications network stability, and industrial control systems. Attackers exploiting this vulnerability could cause denial of service, leading to outages or degraded performance of dependent services. Privilege escalation and arbitrary code execution could allow attackers to pivot within networks, access sensitive data, or disrupt operations. The loss of accurate time can also impair forensic investigations and incident response efforts. European sectors such as finance, energy, telecommunications, and government agencies that rely on EndRun Sonoma D12 devices or similar time synchronization infrastructure are particularly at risk. The potential for cascading effects on critical infrastructure increases the threat’s severity in the European context.

1. Immediately restrict network access to the EndRun Sonoma D12 devices by implementing network segmentation and firewall rules to limit exposure to trusted management networks only. 2. Monitor network traffic and device logs for unusual commands or access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. 3. Engage with EndRun Technologies to obtain firmware updates or patches addressing this vulnerability as soon as they become available. 4. If patching is not immediately possible, consider deploying compensating controls such as disabling unnecessary services or interfaces on the device. 5. Implement strict access controls and multi-factor authentication for device management interfaces to reduce the risk of unauthorized exploitation. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on network time servers and related infrastructure. 7. Maintain accurate asset inventories to identify all affected devices and ensure timely remediation. 8. Educate operational and security teams about the importance of time synchronization security and the risks posed by this vulnerability.