CVE-2025-60991 is a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in Codazon Magento Themes versions 1.1.0.0 through 2.4.7. This vulnerability arises due to improper sanitization of user-supplied input in the 'cat' parameter, which is used within the theme's code. An attacker can craft a malicious payload injected into this parameter, which is then reflected back in the HTTP response without adequate encoding or validation. When a victim user visits a specially crafted URL containing this payload, arbitrary JavaScript code executes in the context of the victim's browser. This can lead to session hijacking, credential theft, unauthorized actions on behalf of the user, or redirection to malicious sites. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-79, which covers improper neutralization of input leading to XSS. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 8.8, indicating a high severity level. The vector string (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) shows that the attack can be launched remotely over the network without privileges, requires user interaction (clicking the malicious link), and impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a high degree. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. However, given the widespread use of Magento as an e-commerce platform and the popularity of Codazon themes, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to online stores using these themes. Attackers can leverage this to compromise customer data, manipulate transactions, or damage brand reputation.

For European organizations, particularly e-commerce businesses using Magento with Codazon themes, this vulnerability can have severe consequences. Exploitation can lead to theft of customer personal and payment information, resulting in financial losses and regulatory penalties under GDPR for data breaches. The integrity of transactions can be compromised, enabling fraudulent orders or unauthorized changes to user accounts. Availability may also be affected if attackers inject scripts that disrupt site functionality or redirect users to malicious sites, causing loss of customer trust and revenue. Given the high volume of online commerce in Europe and strict data protection laws, affected organizations may face legal liabilities and reputational damage. Additionally, attackers could use the vulnerability as a foothold to deploy further attacks within the network or to distribute malware to site visitors.

Organizations should immediately audit their Magento installations to identify the use of Codazon themes versions 1.1.0.0 through 2.4.7. Until an official patch is released, implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block malicious payloads targeting the 'cat' parameter. Input validation and output encoding should be enforced at the application level to neutralize potentially harmful scripts. Security teams should conduct thorough penetration testing focusing on XSS vectors in the affected parameter. Additionally, educate users and administrators about the risks of clicking untrusted links. Monitor web server logs for suspicious requests containing unusual script patterns in the 'cat' parameter. Once a patch is available, prioritize its deployment. Consider employing Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict execution of unauthorized scripts. Regularly update Magento and all third-party themes and plugins to minimize exposure to known vulnerabilities.