CVE-2025-61464 identifies a second-order SQL injection vulnerability in gnuboard4, an open-source web forum and content management system, specifically in versions 4.36.04 and earlier. The vulnerability exists in the search_table parameter within the bbs/search.php script. Unlike typical SQL injection, second-order injection involves malicious input that is stored in the system and later executed when the stored data is used in SQL queries without proper sanitization. This can allow attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands, potentially leading to unauthorized data retrieval, modification, or deletion. The absence of a CVSS score indicates that the vulnerability has been recently published and not yet fully assessed. No patches or known exploits are currently documented, but the risk remains significant due to the nature of SQL injection attacks. Exploitation does not require immediate user interaction but depends on the victim system processing the injected data at a later stage. The vulnerability affects the confidentiality and integrity of data stored in the backend database and may also impact availability if destructive queries are executed. The gnuboard4 platform is used primarily for community forums and content management, making it a target for attackers seeking to compromise user data or site integrity.

For European organizations, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive user data, including personal information stored within forum databases. Attackers exploiting this flaw could manipulate or delete data, undermining data integrity and potentially causing service disruptions. Organizations relying on gnuboard4 for community engagement or internal communication may face reputational damage and regulatory consequences under GDPR if personal data is exposed. The second-order nature of the injection complicates detection and remediation, increasing the risk of prolonged undetected exploitation. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged as a foothold for further network intrusion or lateral movement within affected organizations. The impact is heightened in sectors with stringent data protection requirements such as finance, healthcare, and government institutions across Europe.

Organizations should immediately review and sanitize all inputs related to the search_table parameter in bbs/search.php, ensuring that user-supplied data is properly validated and escaped before database queries. Applying official patches or updates from gnuboard4 developers as soon as they become available is critical. In the absence of patches, implementing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious SQL patterns related to search_table inputs can reduce risk. Conduct thorough code audits focusing on database interaction points to identify and remediate unsafe query constructions. Employ database activity monitoring to detect anomalous queries indicative of SQL injection attempts. Regularly back up databases and test restoration procedures to mitigate potential data loss. Educate developers and administrators about second-order SQL injection risks and secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities.