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CVE-2025-61661: Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size in GNU grub2

0
Medium
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-61661cvecve-2025-61661gcvecwe-131
Published: 11/18/2025 (11/18/2025, 18:20:42 UTC)
Source: CVE Database V5
Vendor/Project: GNU
Product: grub2

Description

A vulnerability has been identified in the GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader) component. This flaw occurs because the bootloader mishandles string conversion when reading information from a USB device, allowing an attacker to exploit inconsistent length values. A local attacker can connect a maliciously configured USB device during the boot sequence to trigger this issue. A successful exploitation may lead GRUB to crash, leading to a Denial of Service. Data corruption may be also possible, although given the complexity of the exploit the impact is most likely limited.

CVSS v3.1

Score 4.8medium

Attack Vector
Physical
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
High
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

Affected software

Affected versions
=0

AI-Powered Analysis

Machine-generated threat intelligence

AILast updated: 07/02/2026, 22:04:13 UTC

Technical Analysis

This vulnerability in GNU GRUB2 arises from improper handling of string conversion when reading information from USB devices during the boot process. The flaw allows inconsistent length values to be exploited by a local attacker who connects a specially crafted USB device during system startup. Successful exploitation can cause GRUB to crash, leading to denial of service, and may also cause data corruption. The CVSS 3.1 vector indicates the attack requires physical access (AV:P), high attack complexity (AC:H), no privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), no confidentiality impact (C:N), low integrity impact (I:L), and high availability impact (A:H). No known exploits are reported in the wild. The affected version is indicated as "=0" which likely means initial or unspecified versions. No patch or remediation details are provided in the vendor advisory.

Potential Impact

Exploitation can cause the GRUB bootloader to crash, resulting in denial of service during system startup. There is also a potential for data corruption, though this is considered less likely. The vulnerability does not impact confidentiality but has low integrity and high availability impacts. The attack requires physical access to the machine to connect a malicious USB device during boot and has high attack complexity.

Mitigation Recommendations

Patch status is not yet confirmed — check the vendor advisory at https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-61661 for current remediation guidance. No official fix or patch information is provided in the available data. Until a patch is available, restricting physical access to systems during boot and disabling USB boot options where possible may reduce risk.

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Technical Details

Data Version
5.2
Assigner Short Name
redhat
Date Reserved
2025-09-29T20:18:48.974Z
Cvss Version
3.1
State
PUBLISHED
Vendor Advisory Urls
[{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-61661","vendor":"Red Hat"}]

Threat ID: 691cbabbfcab56a016d7f801

Added to database: 11/18/2025, 18:28:11 UTC

Last enriched: 07/02/2026, 22:04:13 UTC

Last updated: 09/10/2026, 19:36:51 UTC

Views: 210

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