CVE-2025-62394 is an authorization vulnerability identified in Moodle versions 4.5.0 and 5.0.0. The issue stems from Moodle's failure to correctly verify the enrolment status of users when sending quiz notifications. Specifically, suspended or inactive users—who should not receive such communications—may still be sent quiz-related messages. This results in a limited information disclosure, leaking details about quizzes or course content that should be restricted. The vulnerability is classified with a CVSS 3.1 score of 4.3 (medium severity), reflecting a low impact on confidentiality and no impact on integrity or availability. The attack vector is network-based with low complexity, requiring privileges but no user interaction. The scope is unchanged, meaning the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component without extending to other system parts. No public exploits have been reported so far. The flaw could be leveraged by unauthorized users to gain insights into course activities, potentially aiding further targeted attacks or social engineering. Moodle is widely used in educational institutions globally, making this vulnerability relevant to many organizations managing online learning environments. The lack of patch links suggests that fixes may still be pending or in progress, emphasizing the need for vigilance and interim mitigations.

The primary impact of CVE-2025-62394 is limited confidentiality loss due to unauthorized disclosure of quiz-related notifications to suspended or inactive users. While the leaked information is not highly sensitive, it could provide attackers or unauthorized users with insights into course schedules, quiz timings, or other educational content. This could facilitate social engineering attacks or unauthorized access attempts. There is no impact on data integrity or system availability, so operational disruption is unlikely. However, organizations relying on Moodle for secure educational delivery may face reputational damage and compliance concerns if unauthorized information disclosure occurs. The vulnerability requires low privileges but no user interaction, making exploitation feasible for users with some access to the platform. Since no known exploits exist in the wild, the immediate risk is moderate but could increase if exploit code is developed. Institutions with large user bases, including inactive or suspended accounts, are more exposed. Overall, the threat is moderate but warrants prompt attention to prevent information leakage and maintain trust in the learning environment.

Organizations should monitor Moodle security advisories closely and apply official patches or updates as soon as they become available for versions 4.5.0 and 5.0.0. In the interim, administrators can audit and restrict notification settings to ensure that quiz notifications are not sent to suspended or inactive users. Reviewing and tightening enrolment and notification logic through custom plugins or configuration changes may help mitigate the issue temporarily. Implementing strict access controls and regularly cleaning up inactive or suspended accounts reduces the attack surface. Logging and monitoring notification dispatch processes can help detect anomalous message deliveries. Educating users about potential phishing or social engineering attempts based on leaked information is also advisable. Finally, organizations should consider isolating Moodle instances or restricting network access to trusted users to limit exposure.