CVE-2025-62978 is a vulnerability identified in Kiotviet KiotViet Sync, a synchronization tool used primarily for retail and inventory management. The issue stems from missing authorization controls within the application, allowing users with limited privileges (PR:L) to access functions or data that should be restricted. The vulnerability affects all versions up to and including 1.8.5. Exploitation requires no user interaction (UI:N) and can be performed remotely over the network (AV:N), making it accessible to attackers with network access and some level of authenticated privileges. The vulnerability does not impact integrity or availability but allows limited unauthorized disclosure of information (C:L). The CVSS score of 4.3 reflects a medium severity rating due to the limited confidentiality impact and the requirement for some privileges to exploit. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and no patches have been released yet, indicating the need for proactive mitigation. The root cause is an incorrectly configured access control mechanism, which may allow privilege escalation or unauthorized data access within the application. Organizations relying on KiotViet Sync should audit their deployment configurations and user permissions to minimize exposure.

For European organizations, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in retail and inventory sectors using KiotViet Sync, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive business data such as inventory levels, sales data, or customer information. Although the impact on confidentiality is limited and there is no direct threat to data integrity or system availability, unauthorized data disclosure can lead to competitive disadvantage, regulatory compliance issues (e.g., GDPR), and reputational damage. The requirement for some level of privilege reduces the risk of widespread exploitation but does not eliminate insider threats or attacks leveraging compromised credentials. The lack of patches increases the window of exposure, necessitating immediate attention to access controls and monitoring. European organizations with network-exposed KiotViet Sync instances are at higher risk, particularly if internal network segmentation is weak.

1. Immediately audit and tighten access control policies within KiotViet Sync, ensuring that users have only the minimum necessary privileges. 2. Restrict network access to KiotViet Sync services to trusted internal networks or VPNs, reducing exposure to external attackers. 3. Implement network segmentation to isolate KiotViet Sync servers from other critical infrastructure. 4. Monitor logs and user activity for unusual access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. 5. Engage with the vendor for timely patch updates and apply them as soon as they become available. 6. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) with rules tailored to detect anomalous KiotViet Sync traffic. 7. Educate internal users about the risks of privilege misuse and enforce strong authentication mechanisms to reduce the risk of credential compromise.