CVE-2025-63528 identifies a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Blood Bank Management System 1.0, located in the blooddinfo.php file. The vulnerability arises because the application fails to properly sanitize or encode the 'error' parameter before reflecting it in the HTTP response. This allows an attacker to craft malicious JavaScript payloads that execute in the context of the victim's browser when they access the affected page. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.5 reflects a high severity, with the vector indicating low attack complexity (AC:L), network attack vector (AV:N), no availability impact (A:N), high confidentiality impact (C:H), low integrity impact (I:L), low privileges required (PR:L), scope changed (S:C), and no user interaction required (UI:N). The changed scope suggests that the vulnerability affects resources beyond the initially vulnerable component, potentially impacting other parts of the system or user sessions. The CWE-79 classification confirms this as a classic reflected XSS issue. Although no public exploits are currently known, the vulnerability could be leveraged for session hijacking, theft of sensitive information, or execution of unauthorized actions within the victim's session. The lack of a patch link indicates that remediation may not yet be available, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation steps by administrators. This vulnerability is particularly critical in healthcare environments where patient data confidentiality and system integrity are paramount.

For European organizations, especially those in the healthcare sector using the Blood Bank Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to patient data confidentiality and system trustworthiness. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive health information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, potentially resulting in legal penalties and reputational damage. The ability to execute scripts without user interaction and with low privileges means attackers could automate attacks at scale, targeting multiple users or systems. The scope change in the CVSS vector implies that the vulnerability could affect multiple components or user sessions, increasing the potential damage. Given the critical nature of blood bank systems in healthcare delivery, disruption or compromise could also impact patient care and operational continuity. European healthcare providers are thus at risk of both direct data breaches and indirect operational impacts.

Immediate mitigation should focus on implementing proper input validation and output encoding for the 'error' parameter in blooddinfo.php to neutralize malicious scripts. Employ context-sensitive encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) to ensure that injected scripts are not executed by browsers. If source code access is available, developers should adopt secure coding practices to sanitize all user inputs and consider using security libraries or frameworks that automatically handle XSS protection. In the absence of an official patch, organizations should consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block malicious payloads targeting this parameter. Additionally, monitoring web server logs for suspicious requests containing script tags or unusual input patterns can help detect attempted exploitation. Restricting access to the vulnerable component to trusted users or internal networks can reduce exposure. Finally, educating users about the risks and signs of XSS attacks and ensuring browsers are updated with the latest security features can provide additional defense layers.