CVE-2025-63738 identifies an information disclosure vulnerability in Xinhu Rainrock RockOA version 2.7.0, specifically within the index.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of the 'a' parameter, which allows an attacker to trigger the phpinfo() function. Phpinfo() outputs detailed PHP environment and server configuration information, including PHP version, loaded extensions, environment variables, and server paths. This information can be leveraged by attackers to gain insights into the server setup, identify other vulnerabilities, or craft more effective attacks. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-98 (Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program), indicating that the parameter manipulation leads to unintended code execution paths. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 4.3 (medium), reflecting that the attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low privileges (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and impacts confidentiality only (C:L), without affecting integrity or availability. No patches are currently listed, and no exploits have been observed in the wild, suggesting limited active exploitation but potential risk if weaponized. The vulnerability does not require authentication bypass but does require some level of privilege, indicating that attackers with limited access could exploit it remotely to gather sensitive information.

For European organizations, this vulnerability primarily risks confidentiality by exposing sensitive server and application configuration details. Such information disclosure can facilitate further targeted attacks, including privilege escalation, code injection, or lateral movement within networks. Organizations relying on Xinhu Rainrock RockOA 2.7.0 for internal collaboration or document management may inadvertently expose critical infrastructure details. This could be particularly impactful for sectors with stringent data protection requirements such as finance, healthcare, and government agencies. While the vulnerability does not directly compromise integrity or availability, the intelligence gained can be a stepping stone for more severe attacks. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially if threat actors develop exploit code. European entities with limited patch management or network segmentation may be more vulnerable to reconnaissance and follow-on attacks leveraging this flaw.

1. Restrict access to the index.php endpoint, especially the 'a' parameter, via web application firewalls (WAFs) or network access controls to trusted users only. 2. Monitor web server logs for unusual requests targeting the 'a' parameter or phpinfo() calls to detect potential reconnaissance attempts. 3. Apply principle of least privilege to user accounts to minimize the impact of low-privilege exploitation. 4. Disable or restrict the use of phpinfo() in production environments or ensure it is not accessible via user-controllable parameters. 5. Engage with Xinhu Rainrock RockOA vendor or community to obtain and apply patches or updates addressing this vulnerability once available. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and code reviews to identify similar parameter manipulation issues. 7. Implement network segmentation to isolate critical systems running RockOA from general user networks. 8. Educate administrators and developers about CWE-98 risks and secure coding practices to prevent improper inclusion or execution paths.