CVE-2025-63879 identifies a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the /ecommerce/products.php component of the E-commerce Project version 1.0 and earlier. The vulnerability arises because the 'id' parameter in the URL is not properly sanitized or encoded before being reflected back in the webpage output. This allows an attacker to craft a malicious URL containing JavaScript code embedded in the 'id' parameter. When a user clicks this URL, the injected script executes in their browser under the domain of the vulnerable e-commerce site. This can lead to theft of session cookies, redirection to malicious sites, or execution of arbitrary scripts that compromise user data or perform actions on behalf of the user. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-79, which covers improper neutralization of input during web page generation. The CVSS v3.1 vector indicates the attack is network exploitable (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), but does require user interaction (UI:R). The scope is changed (S:C), meaning the vulnerability affects resources beyond the vulnerable component. The impact on confidentiality and integrity is low (C:L, I:L), and there is no impact on availability (A:N). No patches or known exploits are currently reported, but the vulnerability is publicly disclosed as of November 19, 2025.

For European organizations, this vulnerability can lead to client-side attacks such as session hijacking, credential theft, or unauthorized actions performed in the context of a logged-in user. This can damage customer trust, lead to data breaches, and potentially cause financial losses. Since the vulnerability is reflected XSS, it requires tricking users into clicking malicious links, which can be distributed via phishing emails or social engineering. The impact is particularly significant for e-commerce businesses that handle sensitive customer information and payment details. Additionally, regulatory frameworks like GDPR impose strict requirements on protecting user data, so exploitation could result in legal and compliance repercussions. The lack of availability impact means service disruption is unlikely, but confidentiality and integrity risks remain notable.

To mitigate CVE-2025-63879, organizations should implement strict input validation and output encoding on the 'id' parameter in the /ecommerce/products.php component. Employ context-aware encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) to neutralize malicious scripts before rendering user input. Use Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. Educate users and employees about phishing and social engineering tactics to reduce the likelihood of clicking malicious links. Monitor web application logs for suspicious URL patterns and consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules targeting reflected XSS payloads. If possible, update or patch the e-commerce platform once a fix is available. In the interim, consider disabling or restricting the vulnerable parameter if feasible. Regular security testing and code reviews should be conducted to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities.