CVE-2025-64464 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability classified under CWE-125, discovered in the National Instruments (NI) LabVIEW software, specifically within the lvre!VisaWriteFromFile() function. This function is responsible for parsing VI (Virtual Instrument) files, which are core to LabVIEW's graphical programming environment used extensively in engineering, automation, and scientific research. The vulnerability arises when a corrupted or specially crafted VI file is processed, causing the software to read memory outside the intended buffer boundaries. This can lead to two primary security impacts: information disclosure, where sensitive memory contents may be leaked, and arbitrary code execution, where an attacker could execute malicious code within the context of the LabVIEW process. Exploitation requires a user to open a malicious VI file, meaning user interaction is necessary, but no prior privileges or authentication are required. The CVSS v3.1 score of 7.8 reflects a high severity, with an attack vector classified as local (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), and user interaction required (UI:R). The vulnerability affects NI LabVIEW versions 0, 23.1.0, 24.1.0, and 25.1.0, including the latest 2025 Q3 release (25.3). While no public exploits are currently known, the potential for significant impact exists due to the possibility of arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability was reserved in early November 2025 and published in mid-December 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure. Given LabVIEW's widespread use in industrial control systems, research labs, and engineering firms, this vulnerability poses a notable risk to environments relying on this software for critical operations.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-64464 can be substantial, particularly in sectors where NI LabVIEW is integral to operational technology, industrial automation, scientific research, and engineering development. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive intellectual property or operational data, undermining confidentiality. More critically, arbitrary code execution could allow attackers to manipulate or disrupt control systems, potentially causing operational downtime, safety hazards, or data integrity issues. This is especially concerning for industries such as manufacturing, automotive, aerospace, and energy, which are prevalent in Europe and often rely on LabVIEW for system design and testing. The requirement for user interaction means social engineering or phishing campaigns targeting employees who handle VI files could be a likely attack vector. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, as attackers may develop exploits following public disclosure. The vulnerability's local attack vector suggests that remote exploitation is unlikely without prior access, but insider threats or compromised endpoints could facilitate attacks. Overall, the vulnerability could disrupt critical infrastructure and intellectual property security in European organizations using affected LabVIEW versions.

To mitigate CVE-2025-64464 effectively, European organizations should implement a multi-layered approach beyond generic patching advice. First, restrict the sources of VI files to trusted and verified origins, employing strict file transfer policies and scanning all incoming VI files with advanced malware detection tools capable of analyzing LabVIEW file structures. Educate users, especially engineers and researchers, about the risks of opening VI files from untrusted sources and implement user awareness training focused on social engineering tactics that could deliver malicious VI files. Employ application whitelisting and sandboxing techniques for LabVIEW processes to limit the impact of potential arbitrary code execution. Network segmentation should isolate systems running LabVIEW from broader enterprise networks to contain any compromise. Monitor LabVIEW application logs and system behavior for anomalies indicative of exploitation attempts. Since no official patches are currently available, maintain close communication with NI for timely updates and apply patches immediately upon release. Additionally, consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions with custom rules to detect suspicious memory access patterns or unusual file parsing activities associated with this vulnerability.