CVE-2025-68721 is a security vulnerability identified in Axigen Mail Server versions prior to 10.5.57, specifically within its WebAdmin interface. The flaw arises from improper access control mechanisms that fail to enforce permission checks for delegated admin accounts. Delegated admin accounts configured with zero permissions can exploit this vulnerability to bypass access restrictions and gain unauthorized access to the SSL Certificates management endpoint (page=sslcerts). This endpoint controls critical SSL certificate files used by the mail server to secure communications. An attacker leveraging this vulnerability can view, download, upload, and delete SSL certificates despite lacking legitimate privileges to access the Security & Filtering section. The ability to manipulate SSL certificates can lead to severe consequences, including interception of encrypted communications via man-in-the-middle attacks, impersonation of the mail server, or denial of service by deleting certificates. Although no public exploits are currently known, the vulnerability's nature allows exploitation without requiring user interaction or elevated privileges beyond a delegated admin account. The vulnerability was reserved in late 2025 and published in early 2026, with no CVSS score assigned yet. The absence of patches at the time of reporting indicates organizations must monitor vendor advisories closely. This vulnerability highlights the risk of insufficient access control in administrative interfaces, especially those managing cryptographic assets.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-68721 can be significant. Compromise or unauthorized manipulation of SSL certificates used by mail servers can undermine the confidentiality and integrity of email communications, which are critical for business operations, legal compliance, and privacy regulations such as GDPR. Attackers gaining access to SSL certificates could impersonate legitimate mail servers, intercept sensitive emails, or disrupt email services by deleting certificates, leading to operational downtime. This can damage organizational reputation, result in data breaches, and cause regulatory penalties. Organizations relying on Axigen Mail Server for secure email infrastructure, especially those handling sensitive or regulated data, face increased risk. The vulnerability also poses a threat to trust in digital communications across sectors including finance, healthcare, and government. Given the ease of exploitation by delegated admin accounts with minimal permissions, insider threats or compromised low-privilege accounts could escalate to severe security breaches. The lack of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive mitigation but also means attackers may develop exploits in the future.

1. Immediately audit all delegated admin accounts in Axigen Mail Server environments to ensure no unnecessary accounts exist with zero or minimal permissions. 2. Restrict the creation and use of delegated admin accounts, applying the principle of least privilege strictly. 3. Monitor access logs for unusual activity related to the WebAdmin interface, especially access to the SSL Certificates management endpoint. 4. Apply vendor patches or updates as soon as they are released addressing CVE-2025-68721. 5. If patches are not yet available, consider temporarily disabling delegated admin functionality or restricting WebAdmin interface access via network segmentation and firewall rules. 6. Implement multi-factor authentication for administrative access to reduce risk of account compromise. 7. Regularly back up SSL certificates and related configuration files securely to enable recovery in case of deletion or tampering. 8. Conduct security awareness training for administrators on the risks of delegated admin accounts and proper certificate management. 9. Employ intrusion detection systems to alert on anomalous file operations within the mail server environment. 10. Review and enhance access control policies within the WebAdmin interface to prevent privilege escalation.