CVE-2025-7342 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-798 (Use of Hard-coded Credentials) found in the Kubernetes Image Builder project, specifically impacting the Windows image build process when using Nutanix or VMware OVA providers. During the build, default credentials that provide root-level access are enabled temporarily to facilitate the image creation. These credentials are intended to be disabled at the end of the build process. However, if an attacker gains access to the build virtual machine during this window, they can leverage these hard-coded credentials to modify the image, embedding malicious code or backdoors. This compromised image, once deployed as a node in a Kubernetes cluster, could allow attackers to gain unauthorized root access to cluster nodes, potentially compromising the entire cluster's confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The attack requires network-level access to the build VM and the ability to interact with the build process, making exploitation complex but impactful. The vulnerability does not affect Kubernetes clusters unless they use VM images created by the vulnerable Image Builder and were compromised during the build. The CVSS 3.1 score of 7.5 reflects a high severity due to the potential for full system compromise, though the attack vector is network-based with high attack complexity and requires user interaction. No patches or exploits are currently documented, emphasizing the need for proactive mitigation.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-7342 can be significant, especially for those relying on Kubernetes clusters with nodes deployed from VM images built using the vulnerable Image Builder with Nutanix or VMware OVA providers. If exploited, attackers could gain root access to cluster nodes, leading to full compromise of workloads, data breaches, and disruption of critical services. This could affect sectors with high Kubernetes adoption such as finance, healthcare, telecommunications, and government services. The temporary nature of the credentials means the attack window is limited to the build process, but if the build environment is not properly secured, the risk increases. Compromise at the build stage can lead to persistent threats embedded in images, which are harder to detect and remediate once deployed. Given the high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, organizations could face regulatory penalties under GDPR if personal data is exposed. Additionally, supply chain trust in Kubernetes deployments could be undermined, affecting operational continuity and reputation.

European organizations should implement strict access controls and network segmentation around their Kubernetes Image Builder environments, especially the build VMs. Limit access to build VMs to authorized personnel only and monitor for unusual activity during image builds. Employ multi-factor authentication and strong credential management to prevent unauthorized access. Use ephemeral build environments that are destroyed after each build to reduce persistent attack surfaces. Implement image signing and verification processes to detect unauthorized modifications before deployment. Regularly audit and update build tools and environments to the latest secure versions once patches become available. Consider using alternative image build processes or providers that do not enable hard-coded credentials. Establish continuous monitoring and alerting for suspicious activities in the build pipeline. Finally, conduct security training for DevOps teams to raise awareness of build-time vulnerabilities and secure image creation practices.