CVE-2025-8180 is a critical buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda CH22 router, specifically version 1.0.0.1. The flaw exists in the function formdeleteUserName within the /goform/deleteUserName endpoint. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of the 'old_account' argument, which can be manipulated by an attacker to cause a buffer overflow. This type of vulnerability allows an attacker to overwrite memory, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution, denial of service, or system compromise. The attack vector is remote and does not require user interaction or prior authentication, making exploitation easier and more dangerous. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 8.7 (high severity), with characteristics including network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no public exploits have been observed in the wild yet, the exploit code has been disclosed publicly, increasing the risk of imminent attacks. The vulnerability affects a widely used consumer-grade router model, which is often deployed in home and small office environments, potentially exposing a large number of devices to compromise if unpatched.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-8180 can be significant, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and home office users relying on Tenda CH22 routers for network connectivity. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to gain unauthorized control over the router, intercept or manipulate network traffic, launch further attacks within the internal network, or disrupt internet connectivity through denial of service. This could lead to data breaches, espionage, or operational downtime. Given the router’s role as a network gateway, compromise could undermine the security of connected devices and sensitive information. Additionally, the lack of authentication and user interaction requirements lowers the barrier for attackers, increasing the likelihood of exploitation. European organizations with remote or distributed workforces using vulnerable devices are particularly at risk, as attackers could exploit these routers from anywhere on the internet.

1. Immediate firmware update: Organizations and users should check for and apply any official firmware updates from Tenda addressing this vulnerability. If no patch is available, consider contacting Tenda support for guidance. 2. Network segmentation: Isolate vulnerable routers from critical internal networks to limit potential lateral movement in case of compromise. 3. Access restrictions: Restrict remote management access to the router’s administrative interfaces by IP whitelisting or disabling remote management if not required. 4. Monitor network traffic: Implement network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) to detect anomalous traffic patterns indicative of exploitation attempts targeting /goform/deleteUserName. 5. Replace vulnerable hardware: For high-risk environments, consider replacing Tenda CH22 routers with devices from vendors with strong security track records and timely patching. 6. User awareness: Educate users about the risks of using outdated router firmware and encourage regular updates. 7. Firewall rules: Block unsolicited inbound traffic to the router’s management ports at the network perimeter to reduce exposure.