CVE-2025-9655VulnerabilityPublished 29 Aug 2025

CVE-2025-9655: O2OA · Cross Site Scripting

Affects O2OASource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.1 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 06:26 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.1Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 18% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 29 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-26.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
O2OA	Affected =10.0-410	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

European organizations should implement the following specific mitigations: 1) Apply strict input validation and output encoding on the 'Description' field within O2OA, if possible through configuration or custom code, to neutralize malicious scripts. 2) Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers accessing the platform. 3) Monitor and audit user-generated content for suspicious inputs that could exploit this vulnerability. 4) Educate users about the risks of clicking on unexpected links or interacting with untrusted profile pages within O2OA. 5) Isolate the O2OA deployment within a segmented network zone with limited access to sensitive systems. 6) Regularly check for vendor updates and apply the official patch as soon as it is released. 7) Use web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block XSS payloads targeting the vulnerable endpoint. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on compensating controls until the vendor patch is available.

Description

A weakness has been identified in O2OA up to 10.0-410. This affects an unknown part of the file /x_organization_assemble_control/jaxrs/person/ of the component Personal Profile Page. Executing manipulation of the argument Description can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched remotely. The vendor replied in the GitHub issue (translated from simplified Chinese): "This issue will be fixed in the new version."

Impact

For European organizations using O2OA, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily to the confidentiality and integrity of user sessions and data. Since O2OA is a collaborative office automation platform, exploitation could lead to unauthorized actions performed on behalf of users, theft of session cookies, or redirection to malicious sites. This could compromise sensitive corporate information or user credentials. The medium severity score indicates a moderate risk, but the potential for social engineering or chained attacks could elevate the impact. Organizations in sectors with strict data protection regulations, such as GDPR, may face compliance issues if user data is compromised. Additionally, the remote attack vector and lack of required privileges increase the likelihood of exploitation if the vulnerability is not mitigated promptly. The absence of a patch means organizations must rely on interim controls to reduce risk.

Summary

CVE-2025-9655 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the O2OA platform, specifically affecting versions up to 10.0-410. The vulnerability resides in the Personal Profile Page component, within the file /x_organization_assemble_control/jaxrs/person/. The issue arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'Description' argument, which an attacker can manipulate to inject malicious scripts. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of the victim's browser when they view the compromised profile page. The vulnerability does not require authentication but does require user interaction (viewing the malicious content). The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.1 (medium severity), reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, but user interaction needed. The impact on confidentiality is none, integrity is low, and availability is none. There are no known exploits in the wild at this time. XSS vulnerabilities can be leveraged for session hijacking, phishing, or delivering further malware payloads, making them a significant concern in web applications handling sensitive user data.

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 29 Aug 2025, 15:32 UTC

Technical details

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