VulnerabilityPublished 31 Aug 2025Updated 2 Sep 2025

CVE-2025-9728: givanz Vvveb · Cross-site Scripting

Affects givanz VvvebSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.3 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 12:55 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 31% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 31 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
givanz Vvveb	Affected =1.0.7.2	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate CVE-2025-9728, organizations should immediately apply the official patch identified by commit bbd4c42c66ab818142240348173a669d1d2537fe to upgrade givanz Vvveb to a non-vulnerable version. Beyond patching, implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data, especially on login forms, to prevent script injection. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on web application inputs. Additionally, monitor web server logs for suspicious requests targeting the login page and implement web application firewalls (WAF) with rules to detect and block XSS attack patterns. Educate users about the risks of clicking unknown links and encourage the use of multi-factor authentication to reduce the impact of credential theft.

Description

A security vulnerability has been detected in givanz Vvveb 1.0.7.2. This affects an unknown part of the file app/template/user/login.tpl. Such manipulation of the argument Email/Password leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The name of the patch is bbd4c42c66ab818142240348173a669d1d2537fe. Applying a patch is advised to resolve this issue.

Impact

For European organizations using givanz Vvveb 1.0.7.2, this XSS vulnerability poses a risk primarily to web application users and administrators. Successful exploitation can lead to session hijacking, credential theft, or redirection to malicious sites, potentially compromising user accounts and sensitive data. While the vulnerability does not directly affect system availability or core infrastructure, the resulting compromise of user sessions can facilitate further attacks such as privilege escalation or data exfiltration. Organizations in sectors with high web application usage, such as e-commerce, education, or government services, may face reputational damage and regulatory scrutiny under GDPR if user data is compromised. The medium severity rating suggests that while the threat is not critical, it should be addressed promptly to prevent exploitation, especially given the ease of remote attack without authentication. The lack of known exploits currently provides a window for mitigation before active attacks emerge.

Summary

CVE-2025-9728 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the givanz Vvveb product, specifically version 1.0.7.2. The vulnerability resides in the file app/template/user/login.tpl, where improper handling of the Email and Password input parameters allows an attacker to inject malicious scripts. This flaw enables remote exploitation without requiring any authentication or privileges. The vulnerability is classified as reflected XSS, where the attacker crafts a malicious URL or input that, when processed by the vulnerable login page, executes arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of the victim's browser. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3, indicating a medium severity level. The vector string (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X) shows that the attack is network-based, requires low attack complexity, no privileges, and no user interaction is needed beyond visiting a malicious link or submitting crafted input. The impact on confidentiality is none, integrity is low, and availability is none. The vulnerability does not affect system components beyond the web interface but can be leveraged for session hijacking, phishing, or delivering further malware payloads. A patch identified by commit bbd4c42c66ab818142240348173a669d1d2537fe has been released to address this issue, and applying it is strongly recommended. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, but the vulnerability's nature makes it a candidate for exploitation if left unpatched.

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 8 Sep 2025, 00:36 UTC

Technical details

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