CVE-2026-0507 is an OS command injection vulnerability classified under CWE-78, found in SAP Application Server for ABAP and SAP NetWeaver RFCSDK. The flaw arises from improper neutralization of special elements in OS commands, allowing an authenticated attacker with administrative privileges and adjacent network access to upload specially crafted content. When this content is processed by the vulnerable SAP components, it enables execution of arbitrary operating system commands with the privileges of the SAP server process. This can lead to complete system compromise, affecting confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability affects multiple SAP kernel versions, including KRNL64UC 7.53, NWRFCSDK 7.50, and later versions up to 9.16. The CVSS v3.1 score is 8.4, indicating high severity, with attack vector being adjacent network (AV:A), low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring high privileges (PR:H), no user interaction (UI:N), and scope changed (S:C). Although no exploits are currently known in the wild, the vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the critical nature of SAP systems in enterprise environments. The vulnerability allows attackers to bypass input validation and inject OS commands, potentially leading to data theft, system manipulation, or denial of service. The adjacent network requirement limits remote exploitation but still poses a threat within internal networks or through compromised segments. SAP environments are often integrated deeply into business processes, increasing the potential impact of exploitation.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a critical risk due to the widespread use of SAP ERP systems in industries such as manufacturing, finance, utilities, and public sector. Exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive business data, disruption of critical business operations, and potential regulatory non-compliance under GDPR due to data breaches. The ability to execute arbitrary OS commands can allow attackers to install malware, exfiltrate data, or disrupt services, potentially causing significant financial and reputational damage. Given the requirement for administrative access and adjacent network access, insider threats or lateral movement from compromised internal hosts are realistic attack vectors. The impact is heightened in organizations with complex SAP landscapes and insufficient network segmentation. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in targeted attacks against critical infrastructure or government entities within Europe, amplifying geopolitical risks.

Organizations should prioritize applying SAP security patches as soon as they become available for the affected kernel versions. Until patches are deployed, restrict administrative access to SAP Application Server and RFCSDK components to trusted personnel and networks only. Implement strict network segmentation to limit adjacent network access to SAP servers, reducing the attack surface. Employ robust monitoring and logging of SAP system activities to detect anomalous command executions or unauthorized uploads. Use SAP’s security notes and tools to audit system configurations and ensure compliance with security best practices. Conduct regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing focusing on SAP environments. Additionally, enforce multi-factor authentication for administrative accounts and review user privileges to minimize the risk of privilege abuse. Consider deploying application-layer firewalls or intrusion detection systems capable of recognizing command injection patterns targeting SAP components.