CVE-2026-30077 identifies a vulnerability in the OpenAirInterface (OAI) version 2.2.0, specifically within the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) component, which is a core element of 5G network architecture responsible for managing user access and mobility. The vulnerability arises when the AMF attempts to decode certain malformed input messages; some decoding failures lead to a crash of the AMF process. The crash is reproducible with specific crafted inputs, such as the provided hexadecimal stream (80 00 00 0E 00 00 01 00 0F 80 02 02 40 00 58 00 01 88), indicating a flaw in the message parsing or validation logic. This crash results in a denial-of-service (DoS) condition, potentially disrupting 5G network services dependent on the AMF. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, making it exploitable by an attacker capable of sending crafted messages to the AMF. No patches or fixes are currently linked, and no known exploits have been reported in the wild. The absence of a CVSS score necessitates an independent severity assessment. Given the critical role of the AMF in 5G networks, this vulnerability could impact network availability and service continuity if exploited.

The primary impact of CVE-2026-30077 is a denial-of-service condition affecting the availability of the 5G core network's AMF component. A successful exploit could cause the AMF to crash repeatedly, leading to service interruptions for mobile users relying on the affected network. This disruption can degrade user experience, impact critical communications, and potentially affect emergency services relying on 5G connectivity. Since the AMF manages user authentication and mobility, its failure could also lead to broader network instability. Organizations deploying OpenAirInterface-based 5G infrastructure, including telecom operators and private network providers, face operational risks and potential financial losses due to downtime. The lack of authentication requirements for exploitation increases the threat surface, as attackers could send malicious messages from within or potentially outside the network perimeter if message filtering is insufficient. However, the absence of known exploits in the wild suggests limited current exploitation but underscores the need for proactive mitigation.

To mitigate CVE-2026-30077, organizations should implement the following measures: 1) Monitor OpenAirInterface project updates closely and apply patches or updates addressing this vulnerability as soon as they become available. 2) Enhance input validation and error handling in the AMF message decoding process to prevent crashes from malformed inputs. 3) Deploy network-level filtering and anomaly detection systems to identify and block suspicious or malformed messages targeting the AMF interface. 4) Segment and isolate the 5G core network components to limit exposure and contain potential attacks. 5) Conduct regular security assessments and fuzz testing on the AMF and related components to identify and remediate similar parsing vulnerabilities proactively. 6) Collaborate with vendors and the open-source community to accelerate the development of robust fixes and share threat intelligence. 7) Implement redundancy and failover mechanisms for the AMF to maintain service continuity in case of crashes. These targeted actions go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific nature of the vulnerability and the operational context of 5G core networks.