VulnerabilityPublished 23 Mar 2026

CVE-2026-4577: code-projects Exam Form Submission · Cross-site Scripting

Affects code-projects Exam Form SubmissionSource CVE Database V5

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Public exploit available · CVSS 4.8 Medium.

Data as of 30 Oct 2026, 11:52 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

4.8Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 11% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: High: The attacker requires privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable system allowing full access to the vulnerable system’s settings and files.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 23 Mar 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 30 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponized: A Metasploit exploit module or Exploit-DB entry exists (Metasploit scanner modules do not count), or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
code-projectsExam Form Submission	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–

CPE configurations (1)

cpe:2.3:a:code-projects:exam_form_submission:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

AI-suggested

To mitigate CVE-2026-4577, organizations should first seek any official patches or updates from the vendor and apply them promptly once available. In the absence of patches, implement strict input validation and output encoding on the 'sname' parameter in /admin/update_s4.php to neutralize malicious scripts. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in the browser. Limit administrative access to trusted networks and enforce strong authentication mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication, to reduce the risk of unauthorized access. Regularly audit and monitor administrative activities for suspicious behavior. Additionally, educate administrators about the risks of clicking untrusted links or submitting unverified data while logged into the system. Consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules targeting XSS patterns specific to this application to provide an additional layer of defense.

Description

A vulnerability was found in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /admin/update_s4.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument sname results in cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.

Impact

The primary impact of CVE-2026-4577 is the potential compromise of administrative sessions via cross-site scripting, which can lead to unauthorized actions within the Exam Form Submission application. Attackers exploiting this vulnerability could hijack administrator sessions, manipulate exam data, or alter form submissions, undermining data integrity. While it does not directly affect system availability or confidentiality of stored data, the integrity and trustworthiness of the application’s administrative functions are at risk. Organizations relying on this software for exam management could face operational disruptions, reputational damage, and compliance issues if attackers manipulate exam records or administrative settings. The requirement for authenticated access limits the attack surface but does not eliminate risk, especially in environments with weak credential management or insider threats.

Summary

CVE-2026-4577 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the code-projects Exam Form Submission software, specifically version 1.0. The vulnerability resides in an unknown function within the /admin/update_s4.php file, where the 'sname' parameter is improperly sanitized, allowing an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code. This flaw enables remote attackers to execute scripts in the context of an authenticated administrator's browser session. The attack vector requires the attacker to have authenticated access (privilege required: high) and some user interaction, such as clicking a crafted link or submitting a manipulated form. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 4.8, reflecting medium severity due to the need for authentication and user interaction, but with low complexity and no requirement for privileges beyond admin access. The vulnerability does not impact confidentiality or availability directly but poses a risk to integrity and session security. No patches have been publicly released yet, and no known exploits are actively observed in the wild, although exploit code is publicly available. This vulnerability could be leveraged for session hijacking, privilege escalation, or unauthorized administrative actions if exploited successfully.

References

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