VulnerabilityPublished 23 Mar 2026Updated 25 Mar 2026

CVE-2026-4578: code-projects Exam Form Submission · Cross-site Scripting

Affects code-projects Exam Form SubmissionSource CVE Database V5

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Public exploit available · CVSS 4.8 Medium.

Data as of 30 Oct 2026, 11:52 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

4.8Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 19% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: High: The attacker requires privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable system allowing full access to the vulnerable system’s settings and files.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 23 Mar 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 30 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponized: A Metasploit exploit module or Exploit-DB entry exists (Metasploit scanner modules do not count), or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
code-projectsExam Form Submission	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–
GitHubrockycheng1/cve`pkg:github/rockycheng1/cve`Other threats	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–

CPE configurations (1)

cpe:2.3:a:code-projects:exam_form_submission:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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AI-suggested

To mitigate CVE-2026-4578, organizations should first check for any official patches or updates from the vendor and apply them promptly once available. In the absence of patches, implement strict input validation and output encoding on the 'sname' parameter within /admin/update_s3.php to neutralize malicious scripts. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in the admin interface. Limit administrative access to trusted networks and enforce multi-factor authentication to reduce the risk of session hijacking. Regularly audit and monitor admin activity logs for suspicious behavior. Additionally, educate administrators about the risks of clicking on untrusted links and encourage the use of security-aware browsing practices. Consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules designed to detect and block XSS payloads targeting this parameter. Finally, conduct security testing and code reviews to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively.

Description

A vulnerability was determined in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /admin/update_s3.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument sname can lead to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

Impact

The primary impact of CVE-2026-4578 is the potential for attackers to execute arbitrary scripts within the context of an administrator's browser session. This can lead to session hijacking, allowing attackers to impersonate administrators and perform unauthorized actions such as modifying exam forms or accessing sensitive data. Additionally, attackers could use the vulnerability to conduct phishing attacks or deliver malware payloads. Although the vulnerability does not directly affect system availability, the compromise of administrative accounts can lead to broader security breaches and data integrity issues. Organizations using the affected software risk unauthorized access and manipulation of exam-related data, which could undermine the integrity of examination processes and damage organizational reputation. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but the public disclosure increases the urgency for remediation.

Summary

CVE-2026-4578 identifies a cross-site scripting vulnerability in the code-projects Exam Form Submission software, specifically version 1.0. The vulnerability is located in the /admin/update_s3.php script, where the 'sname' parameter is not properly sanitized or encoded before being reflected in the web page. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary JavaScript code that executes in the context of the victim's browser. The attack vector is remote and does not require prior authentication, but successful exploitation requires user interaction, such as an administrator clicking a malicious link or visiting a crafted page. The vulnerability can lead to unauthorized script execution, potentially enabling session hijacking, defacement, or unauthorized administrative actions. Although no public patches or fixes have been linked, the vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, which may increase the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, but user interaction is necessary. The impact on confidentiality and integrity is low, with no impact on availability. This vulnerability highlights the need for proper input validation and output encoding in web applications, especially in administrative interfaces.

References

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