VulnerabilityPublished 23 Mar 2026Updated 25 Mar 2026

CVE-2026-4588: kalcaddle kodbox · Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key

Affects kalcaddle kodboxSource CVE Database V5

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Public exploit available · CVSS 6.3 Medium.

Data as of 30 Oct 2026, 06:59 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 20% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: High
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: None
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: High: The successful attack depends on the evasion or circumvention of security-enhancing techniques in place that would otherwise hinder the attack. These include: Evasion of exploit mitigation techniques, for example, circumvention of address space randomization (ASLR) or data execution prevention (DEP) must be performed for the attack to be successful; Obtaining target-specific secrets. The attacker must gather some target-specific secret before the attack can be successful. A secret is any piece of information that cannot be obtained through any amount of reconnaissance. To obtain the secret the attacker must perform additional attacks or break otherwise secure measures (e.g. knowledge of a secret key may be needed to break a crypto channel). This operation must be performed for each attacked target.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 23 Mar 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 29 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponized: A Metasploit exploit module or Exploit-DB entry exists (Metasploit scanner modules do not count), or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
kalcaddlekodbox	Affected =1.64	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Given the absence of official patches or vendor guidance, organizations should implement several practical mitigations: 1) Immediately audit and monitor all instances of kodbox 1.64 for unusual access patterns or suspicious activity related to the shareSafeGroup function. 2) Restrict network access to kodbox instances to trusted IP ranges and enforce strict firewall rules to reduce exposure to remote attacks. 3) Where possible, disable or limit the use of the vulnerable shareSafeGroup functionality until a patch is available. 4) Employ additional encryption layers at the application or transport level to protect sensitive data independently of kodbox’s internal cryptography. 5) Consider upgrading to newer kodbox versions if available and verified to be free of this vulnerability. 6) Maintain regular backups and implement incident response plans to quickly address any potential compromise. 7) Engage in threat intelligence sharing to stay informed about any emerging exploits targeting this vulnerability. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on containment, layered security, and proactive monitoring specific to the vulnerability’s characteristics.

Description

A vulnerability was determined in kalcaddle kodbox 1.64. Impacted is the function shareSafeGroup of the file /workspace/source-code/app/controller/explorer/shareOut.class.php of the component Site-level API key Handler. This manipulation of the argument sk causes use of hard-coded cryptographic key . The attack may be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is considered difficult. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Impact

The primary impact of this vulnerability is the potential compromise of confidentiality for data shared or protected by the affected cryptographic key mechanism. Attackers exploiting this flaw could decrypt or forge data protected by the hard-coded key, leading to unauthorized data access or manipulation of shared content. Since kodbox is a file management and sharing platform, this could expose sensitive organizational data, intellectual property, or personal information. The lack of vendor response and absence of patches increase the risk exposure duration. Although exploitation is difficult, motivated attackers targeting organizations using kodbox 1.64 could leverage this vulnerability for espionage or data theft. The impact is mostly on confidentiality, with no direct effect on system availability or integrity. Organizations relying on kodbox for secure file sharing should consider this a significant risk, especially in environments where sensitive data is handled.

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 30 Mar 2026, 20:23 UTC

Technical details

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