VulnerabilityPublished 1 Oct 2026Updated 29 Oct 2026

CVE-2026-103261: Tornado · Unbounded query-string argument count allows event-loop-stalling DoS

Affects livereloadSource GCVE Database

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Authoritative record:CVE-2026-103261· Medium 6.9

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.9 Medium : upgrade to 2.7.1_4 when convenient.

Data as of 30 Oct 2026, 07:00 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.9Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 40% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
Patch: Available – fixed in 2.7.1_4

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: None
Vulnerable system availability: Low
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the Vulnerable System are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 1 Oct 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 29 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponized: A Metasploit exploit module or Exploit-DB entry exists (Metasploit scanner modules do not count), or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade livereload to 2.7.1_4.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Homebrewlivereload`pkg:brew/livereload`Other threats	Affected >=2.7.1 <2.7.1_4	Fixed in 2.7.1_4

Check your own hosts for these packages with threat-finder (opens in a new tab), our free open-source scanner.

AI-suggested

A patch is available in Tornado version 2.7.1_4 that adds a maximum field count limit (1000) to query-string parsing, consistent with the POST-body parsing limit. Applying this official fix will cause requests exceeding the limit to be rejected with a 400 Bad Request error, preventing event-loop stalling. Users should upgrade to version 2.7.1_4 or later to remediate this vulnerability.

Description

Tornado versions before 2.7.1_4 have a denial-of-service vulnerability due to unbounded query-string argument parsing. The HTTPServerRequest.__init__ method parses query strings without limiting the number of fields, unlike the POST-body parsing which enforces a 1000-field limit. An attacker can send a GET request with thousands of query parameters, causing excessive CPU usage and stalling Tornado's single-threaded event loop, degrading service availability for all clients sharing that loop. This vulnerability affects all Tornado servers handling requests with query strings and requires no authentication. A patch is available in version 2.7.1_4 that applies the same 1000-field limit to query-string parsing, returning a 400 error if exceeded.

Impact

An unauthenticated remote attacker can degrade the availability of Tornado servers by sending GET requests with thousands of query parameters, causing CPU-intensive parsing that stalls the single-threaded event loop. This results in delayed response times for all clients sharing the same IOLoop, effectively a denial-of-service attack. There is no impact on confidentiality or integrity. The attack requires no prior authentication or special conditions and uses relatively small bandwidth (~61KB per request).

Summary

The vulnerability (CVE-2026-103261) exists in Tornado's HTTPServerRequest.__init__ method where the query string is parsed via parse_qs_bytes() without a maximum field count limit. This contrasts with the POST-body parsing path, which correctly enforces a 1000-field limit to prevent resource exhaustion. Because the query-string parsing lacks this cap, an attacker can send a GET request with thousands of short key=value pairs, up to the max_header_size limit (~64KB), causing synchronous CPU-intensive parsing inside Tornado's single-threaded IOLoop. This stalls the event loop, delaying processing of all other connections and resulting in a denial-of-service condition. The issue was fixed in Tornado 2.7.1_4 by adding the same max_num_fields=1000 limit to query-string parsing and handling excessive fields with a clean HTTP 400 error. The fix aligns query-string parsing behavior with the POST-body parsing path and prevents event-loop stalling from excessively large query strings.

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Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 30 Oct 2026, 07:00 UTC

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