10 Things I Hate About Attribution: RomCom vs. TransferLoader
This report analyzes the activities of two threat actor clusters: TA829 and UNK_GreenSec. TA829 conducts both espionage and cybercrime operations using tools like SingleCamper and DustyHammock. UNK_GreenSec deploys TransferLoader malware leading to ransomware infections. The actors share similarities in infrastructure, delivery tactics, and lure themes, raising questions about their relationship. Four hypotheses are presented regarding their potential connection, ranging from shared third-party services to being the same actor. The report highlights the increasing overlap between cybercrime and espionage activities, making attribution more challenging in the current threat landscape.
AI Analysis
Technical Summary
This report examines the activities of two distinct but potentially related threat actor clusters: TA829 and UNK_GreenSec. TA829 is known for conducting both espionage and cybercrime operations, utilizing malware families such as SingleCamper and DustyHammock. UNK_GreenSec is associated with the deployment of TransferLoader malware, which serves as a loader for ransomware infections. The analysis highlights overlapping infrastructure, delivery tactics, and lure themes between these two actors, complicating attribution efforts. Four hypotheses are proposed regarding their relationship, ranging from the use of shared third-party services to the possibility that they are the same actor operating under different aliases. This convergence of espionage and cybercrime activities reflects a broader trend in the threat landscape, where traditional distinctions between state-sponsored and financially motivated attacks are increasingly blurred. The technical details include references to multiple MITRE ATT&CK techniques such as T1218.011 (signed binary proxy execution), T1587.001 (initial access via spearphishing), T1082 (system information discovery), and others, indicating sophisticated tactics for persistence, evasion, and lateral movement. Despite the lack of known exploits in the wild, the presence of ransomware deployment via TransferLoader underscores a significant risk to targeted organizations.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, the dual nature of these threat actors poses a multifaceted risk. Espionage activities by TA829 could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive intellectual property, government secrets, or corporate strategic information, potentially undermining national security and competitive advantage. Concurrently, the ransomware infections facilitated by TransferLoader via UNK_GreenSec can result in operational disruption, financial losses due to ransom payments, and reputational damage. The overlap in tactics suggests that organizations may face complex, blended threats that combine stealthy espionage with overt ransomware attacks, complicating detection and response efforts. Critical infrastructure, government agencies, and large enterprises in Europe are particularly vulnerable given their strategic importance and the value of their data. The medium severity rating reflects the significant but not immediately catastrophic impact, emphasizing the need for vigilance and proactive defense measures.
Mitigation Recommendations
European organizations should implement targeted mitigations beyond standard cybersecurity hygiene. First, enhance detection capabilities for loader malware like TransferLoader by deploying advanced endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of identifying suspicious process injection and command-line obfuscation techniques (e.g., T1027, T1059). Second, conduct thorough network segmentation to limit lateral movement and isolate critical assets, reducing the impact of potential ransomware spread. Third, implement strict email security controls with advanced phishing detection and user training focused on spearphishing tactics (T1587.001). Fourth, employ threat intelligence sharing platforms to stay updated on emerging indicators related to TA829 and UNK_GreenSec activities. Fifth, enforce application whitelisting and monitor for the use of signed binaries and proxy execution techniques (T1218.011) to prevent unauthorized code execution. Finally, conduct regular incident response exercises simulating combined espionage and ransomware scenarios to improve organizational readiness.
Affected Countries
Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Poland, Sweden
Indicators of Compromise
- hash: 57bf2cbfe63df65772846277e4b2a55f
- hash: 917c13e82d8ff62dcbe254b6bddcedf0
- hash: b42cdff17ba993261334303bec5bbc69
- hash: 24bd135b92a95c0e7f9967f6372bbe4bc99d9f84
- hash: 26c6e5770bf4f3cdb9430523f02dd71803ccdd56
- hash: 2b301191aa9e1d2c8e3eefd38b6eb1952b1fce88
- hash: 5238c4815c13f9d26ad6fa46aec6cc55671cb16e
- hash: 69d6f39abc0a40e66ec1109fc440165c8eb0d548
- hash: c8cbb1eaae2fd97fa811ece21655e2cb96510255
- hash: cff9e5fee264dd58dbd6a3165322807248d3a1b2
- hash: d890d4b40ce56f90b9ea168bf6d7bf5043a47319
- hash: d8b04523d86270ce8bf8a834d7da22829f1a8d16
- hash: da65ac787fe00161908772879869837823775afc
- hash: 00385cae3630694eb70e2b82d5baa6130c503126c17db3fc63376c7d28c04145
- hash: 07b9e353239c4c057115e8871adc3cfb42467998c6b737b28435ecc9405001c9
- hash: 1c6a5476d485d311be1e07c2e0d2ae322214caa5d4f84398d4169d499105b01a
- hash: 33971df8f5c34c3c79f64e2e28e300260499285bd37f77295ba88897728ace4b
- hash: 3a234b49b834849689da477f77ca6363b40ee83e58213ee51b1ec248da90a543
- hash: 54a94c7ec259104478b40fd0e6325d1f5364351e6ce1adfd79369d6438ed6ed9
- hash: 6d5226cba687d99ce14eda8de290edd470e79436625618559c8db1458a53666c
- hash: 7e51eb44cfd945f4a155707f773fae3207ebfb59d45ea866ba69bd9bc28dfc32
- hash: 7fc65b23e0a85f548e4268b77b66a3c9f3d08b9c1817c99bc1336d51d36e1ec6
- hash: 8f3b065e6aa6bc220867cdcb1c250c69b2d46422c51f66f25091f6cab5d043de
- hash: cd526475391c375e8e40f0146146672928db9bbf210acb41e0fd41381cd5eb9a
- hash: e7917ff12114be5c79ca9bd0082eb628192c2ebfbee7aad2ae626ea208ee37cf
- hash: f5f2761278163a1a813356666cb305fe37806f5f633b2a5475997f10d24fb3d4
- hash: fba9f2c351e898bfc61c8b1181020212ccb9e55041c4dd433ca2867dbf796469
- domain: 1day.live
- domain: 1dcloud.live
- domain: 1drive-work.online
- domain: 1drive.bio
- domain: 1drive.expert
- domain: 1drive.social
- domain: 1drive.works
- domain: 1drivecloud.click
- domain: 1drivecloud.live
- domain: 1drivems.expert
- domain: 1drivems.works
- domain: 1drv-team.works
- domain: 1drv.biz
- domain: 1drv.me
- domain: 1drv.site
- domain: 1drv.world
- domain: 1drv.zone
- domain: 1drv365.live
- domain: 1drv365.online
- domain: 1drvcloud.online
- domain: 1drvfiles.online
- domain: 1drvms.space
- domain: 1drw.live
- domain: 1dv365.live
- domain: 1dvstorage.com
- domain: 1share.limited
- domain: 365drv.live
- domain: 365msdrv.live
- domain: 365work.chat
- domain: cdngateway.us
- domain: cloud-pdf.online
- domain: cloud1dv.com
- domain: clouderive.com
- domain: cloudly.live
- domain: consvcprivacy.com
- domain: d1rv.social
- domain: data-dv.live
- domain: datadrv1.com
- domain: deliverycitylife.com
- domain: diskstorage.click
- domain: documentapproved.click
- domain: dr365.live
- domain: drivedefend.com
- domain: drivehost.live
- domain: drivehub.live
- domain: drivepublic.live
- domain: drivestorage.online
- domain: drshare.online
- domain: drsync.click
- domain: dvcloud.live
- domain: file-acess.live
- domain: file-cloud.company
- domain: file-share.works
- domain: gdl-cloud.works
- domain: gdrive-share.online
- domain: gdrvdocs.online
- domain: gworkspace.social
- domain: healthfy.bio
- domain: journalctl.website
- domain: lauradream.com
- domain: livestorage.click
- domain: mngersrv.com
- domain: mspdf.live
- domain: msvhost.com
- domain: my-356drv.online
- domain: my1drv.live
- domain: my1drv.online
- domain: mydrv1.live
- domain: myonedrive365.live
- domain: ondrve.live
- domain: ondv.live
- domain: onedr.expert
- domain: onedrivecloud.click
- domain: onedrivecloud.expert
- domain: onedrivecloud.live
- domain: onedrivecloud.net
- domain: onedrivems.cloud
- domain: onedrivems.works
- domain: onedrweb.live
- domain: onefile.social
- domain: onelivedrv.com
- domain: onestorelink.live
- domain: onlinedrive.click
- domain: opendnsapi.net
- domain: pdfshare.click
- domain: share-doc.live
- domain: share-pdf.live
- domain: sharepdf.limited
- domain: site-staff.sale
- domain: supportcausems.com
- domain: temptransfer.live
- domain: workspace-doc.live
- domain: ms.share-onedr.com
10 Things I Hate About Attribution: RomCom vs. TransferLoader
Description
This report analyzes the activities of two threat actor clusters: TA829 and UNK_GreenSec. TA829 conducts both espionage and cybercrime operations using tools like SingleCamper and DustyHammock. UNK_GreenSec deploys TransferLoader malware leading to ransomware infections. The actors share similarities in infrastructure, delivery tactics, and lure themes, raising questions about their relationship. Four hypotheses are presented regarding their potential connection, ranging from shared third-party services to being the same actor. The report highlights the increasing overlap between cybercrime and espionage activities, making attribution more challenging in the current threat landscape.
AI-Powered Analysis
Technical Analysis
This report examines the activities of two distinct but potentially related threat actor clusters: TA829 and UNK_GreenSec. TA829 is known for conducting both espionage and cybercrime operations, utilizing malware families such as SingleCamper and DustyHammock. UNK_GreenSec is associated with the deployment of TransferLoader malware, which serves as a loader for ransomware infections. The analysis highlights overlapping infrastructure, delivery tactics, and lure themes between these two actors, complicating attribution efforts. Four hypotheses are proposed regarding their relationship, ranging from the use of shared third-party services to the possibility that they are the same actor operating under different aliases. This convergence of espionage and cybercrime activities reflects a broader trend in the threat landscape, where traditional distinctions between state-sponsored and financially motivated attacks are increasingly blurred. The technical details include references to multiple MITRE ATT&CK techniques such as T1218.011 (signed binary proxy execution), T1587.001 (initial access via spearphishing), T1082 (system information discovery), and others, indicating sophisticated tactics for persistence, evasion, and lateral movement. Despite the lack of known exploits in the wild, the presence of ransomware deployment via TransferLoader underscores a significant risk to targeted organizations.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, the dual nature of these threat actors poses a multifaceted risk. Espionage activities by TA829 could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive intellectual property, government secrets, or corporate strategic information, potentially undermining national security and competitive advantage. Concurrently, the ransomware infections facilitated by TransferLoader via UNK_GreenSec can result in operational disruption, financial losses due to ransom payments, and reputational damage. The overlap in tactics suggests that organizations may face complex, blended threats that combine stealthy espionage with overt ransomware attacks, complicating detection and response efforts. Critical infrastructure, government agencies, and large enterprises in Europe are particularly vulnerable given their strategic importance and the value of their data. The medium severity rating reflects the significant but not immediately catastrophic impact, emphasizing the need for vigilance and proactive defense measures.
Mitigation Recommendations
European organizations should implement targeted mitigations beyond standard cybersecurity hygiene. First, enhance detection capabilities for loader malware like TransferLoader by deploying advanced endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of identifying suspicious process injection and command-line obfuscation techniques (e.g., T1027, T1059). Second, conduct thorough network segmentation to limit lateral movement and isolate critical assets, reducing the impact of potential ransomware spread. Third, implement strict email security controls with advanced phishing detection and user training focused on spearphishing tactics (T1587.001). Fourth, employ threat intelligence sharing platforms to stay updated on emerging indicators related to TA829 and UNK_GreenSec activities. Fifth, enforce application whitelisting and monitor for the use of signed binaries and proxy execution techniques (T1218.011) to prevent unauthorized code execution. Finally, conduct regular incident response exercises simulating combined espionage and ransomware scenarios to improve organizational readiness.
Affected Countries
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Technical Details
- Author
- AlienVault
- Tlp
- white
- References
- ["https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/threat-insight/10-things-i-hate-about-attribution-romcom-vs-transferloader"]
- Adversary
- TA829
- Pulse Id
- 68639744272b5a4d16c46166
- Threat Score
- null
Indicators of Compromise
Hash
| Value | Description | Copy |
|---|---|---|
hash57bf2cbfe63df65772846277e4b2a55f | — | |
hash917c13e82d8ff62dcbe254b6bddcedf0 | — | |
hashb42cdff17ba993261334303bec5bbc69 | — | |
hash24bd135b92a95c0e7f9967f6372bbe4bc99d9f84 | — | |
hash26c6e5770bf4f3cdb9430523f02dd71803ccdd56 | — | |
hash2b301191aa9e1d2c8e3eefd38b6eb1952b1fce88 | — | |
hash5238c4815c13f9d26ad6fa46aec6cc55671cb16e | — | |
hash69d6f39abc0a40e66ec1109fc440165c8eb0d548 | — | |
hashc8cbb1eaae2fd97fa811ece21655e2cb96510255 | — | |
hashcff9e5fee264dd58dbd6a3165322807248d3a1b2 | — | |
hashd890d4b40ce56f90b9ea168bf6d7bf5043a47319 | — | |
hashd8b04523d86270ce8bf8a834d7da22829f1a8d16 | — | |
hashda65ac787fe00161908772879869837823775afc | — | |
hash00385cae3630694eb70e2b82d5baa6130c503126c17db3fc63376c7d28c04145 | — | |
hash07b9e353239c4c057115e8871adc3cfb42467998c6b737b28435ecc9405001c9 | — | |
hash1c6a5476d485d311be1e07c2e0d2ae322214caa5d4f84398d4169d499105b01a | — | |
hash33971df8f5c34c3c79f64e2e28e300260499285bd37f77295ba88897728ace4b | — | |
hash3a234b49b834849689da477f77ca6363b40ee83e58213ee51b1ec248da90a543 | — | |
hash54a94c7ec259104478b40fd0e6325d1f5364351e6ce1adfd79369d6438ed6ed9 | — | |
hash6d5226cba687d99ce14eda8de290edd470e79436625618559c8db1458a53666c | — | |
hash7e51eb44cfd945f4a155707f773fae3207ebfb59d45ea866ba69bd9bc28dfc32 | — | |
hash7fc65b23e0a85f548e4268b77b66a3c9f3d08b9c1817c99bc1336d51d36e1ec6 | — | |
hash8f3b065e6aa6bc220867cdcb1c250c69b2d46422c51f66f25091f6cab5d043de | — | |
hashcd526475391c375e8e40f0146146672928db9bbf210acb41e0fd41381cd5eb9a | — | |
hashe7917ff12114be5c79ca9bd0082eb628192c2ebfbee7aad2ae626ea208ee37cf | — | |
hashf5f2761278163a1a813356666cb305fe37806f5f633b2a5475997f10d24fb3d4 | — | |
hashfba9f2c351e898bfc61c8b1181020212ccb9e55041c4dd433ca2867dbf796469 | — |
Domain
| Value | Description | Copy |
|---|---|---|
domain1day.live | — | |
domain1dcloud.live | — | |
domain1drive-work.online | — | |
domain1drive.bio | — | |
domain1drive.expert | — | |
domain1drive.social | — | |
domain1drive.works | — | |
domain1drivecloud.click | — | |
domain1drivecloud.live | — | |
domain1drivems.expert | — | |
domain1drivems.works | — | |
domain1drv-team.works | — | |
domain1drv.biz | — | |
domain1drv.me | — | |
domain1drv.site | — | |
domain1drv.world | — | |
domain1drv.zone | — | |
domain1drv365.live | — | |
domain1drv365.online | — | |
domain1drvcloud.online | — | |
domain1drvfiles.online | — | |
domain1drvms.space | — | |
domain1drw.live | — | |
domain1dv365.live | — | |
domain1dvstorage.com | — | |
domain1share.limited | — | |
domain365drv.live | — | |
domain365msdrv.live | — | |
domain365work.chat | — | |
domaincdngateway.us | — | |
domaincloud-pdf.online | — | |
domaincloud1dv.com | — | |
domainclouderive.com | — | |
domaincloudly.live | — | |
domainconsvcprivacy.com | — | |
domaind1rv.social | — | |
domaindata-dv.live | — | |
domaindatadrv1.com | — | |
domaindeliverycitylife.com | — | |
domaindiskstorage.click | — | |
domaindocumentapproved.click | — | |
domaindr365.live | — | |
domaindrivedefend.com | — | |
domaindrivehost.live | — | |
domaindrivehub.live | — | |
domaindrivepublic.live | — | |
domaindrivestorage.online | — | |
domaindrshare.online | — | |
domaindrsync.click | — | |
domaindvcloud.live | — | |
domainfile-acess.live | — | |
domainfile-cloud.company | — | |
domainfile-share.works | — | |
domaingdl-cloud.works | — | |
domaingdrive-share.online | — | |
domaingdrvdocs.online | — | |
domaingworkspace.social | — | |
domainhealthfy.bio | — | |
domainjournalctl.website | — | |
domainlauradream.com | — | |
domainlivestorage.click | — | |
domainmngersrv.com | — | |
domainmspdf.live | — | |
domainmsvhost.com | — | |
domainmy-356drv.online | — | |
domainmy1drv.live | — | |
domainmy1drv.online | — | |
domainmydrv1.live | — | |
domainmyonedrive365.live | — | |
domainondrve.live | — | |
domainondv.live | — | |
domainonedr.expert | — | |
domainonedrivecloud.click | — | |
domainonedrivecloud.expert | — | |
domainonedrivecloud.live | — | |
domainonedrivecloud.net | — | |
domainonedrivems.cloud | — | |
domainonedrivems.works | — | |
domainonedrweb.live | — | |
domainonefile.social | — | |
domainonelivedrv.com | — | |
domainonestorelink.live | — | |
domainonlinedrive.click | — | |
domainopendnsapi.net | — | |
domainpdfshare.click | — | |
domainshare-doc.live | — | |
domainshare-pdf.live | — | |
domainsharepdf.limited | — | |
domainsite-staff.sale | — | |
domainsupportcausems.com | — | |
domaintemptransfer.live | — | |
domainworkspace-doc.live | — | |
domainms.share-onedr.com | — |
Threat ID: 68639b396f40f0eb728ea5c8
Added to database: 7/1/2025, 8:24:25 AM
Last enriched: 7/1/2025, 8:39:55 AM
Last updated: 7/28/2025, 9:31:32 PM
Views: 31
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