CVE-2023-3726 is a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in version 2.12.0 of OCSInventory, an open-source IT asset management and inventory software. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of input during web page generation, specifically within the email template functionality. OCSInventory allows storage of email templates containing special characters without adequate sanitization or encoding. This flaw enables an attacker with authenticated access and the ability to modify email templates to inject malicious JavaScript code that is then stored on the server. When other users or administrators view or interact with the affected email templates through the web interface, the malicious script executes in their browsers. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting that the attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), but does require high privileges (PR:H) and user interaction (UI:R). The scope is changed (S:C), indicating that the vulnerability affects components beyond the initially vulnerable component. The impact on confidentiality is high (C:H) due to potential session hijacking or data theft, integrity impact is low (I:L), and availability is not affected (A:N). No known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-79, which is a common web application security weakness involving improper input neutralization leading to XSS. Since OCSInventory is used for managing IT assets and inventory, exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary scripts in the context of administrative users, potentially leading to credential theft, session hijacking, or further compromise of the management infrastructure.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be significant, especially for those relying on OCSInventory for IT asset management and inventory tracking. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information, including inventory data, configuration details, and potentially credentials of administrative users. This could facilitate lateral movement within the network or enable attackers to manipulate asset data, undermining the integrity of IT management processes. Given that the vulnerability requires authenticated access and user interaction, the risk is somewhat mitigated but remains relevant in environments with multiple administrators or users with template editing privileges. The confidentiality impact is high, as attackers can steal session tokens or sensitive data via injected scripts. The integrity impact is low but non-negligible, as attackers might alter displayed information or perform actions on behalf of legitimate users. Availability is not impacted directly. European organizations with strict data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR) must consider the risk of data exposure and potential compliance violations. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in targeted attacks against critical infrastructure or enterprises where OCSInventory is deployed, increasing the threat landscape in Europe.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should take the following specific actions: 1) Immediately upgrade OCSInventory to a patched version once available; if no patch is currently released, implement temporary mitigations such as restricting access to email template editing functionality to the minimum necessary users. 2) Apply strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data in email templates, ensuring special characters are properly escaped to prevent script injection. 3) Conduct a thorough audit of existing email templates to identify and remove any potentially malicious or suspicious content. 4) Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers on the OCSInventory web interface to limit the execution of unauthorized scripts. 5) Enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all administrative users to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 6) Monitor logs and user activities for unusual behavior related to template editing or email generation. 7) Educate administrators about the risks of XSS and safe handling of templates. 8) Consider network segmentation to isolate OCSInventory servers and reduce exposure. These measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific attack vector (email templates) and the operational context of OCSInventory deployments.