CVE-2024-1112 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in Resource Hacker version 3.6.0.92, a utility developed by Angus Johnson used primarily for viewing, modifying, and extracting resources in Windows executables and resource files. The vulnerability arises due to improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer (CWE-119), specifically when processing a long filename argument. An attacker can exploit this flaw by supplying an excessively long filename, which causes the program to write beyond the allocated heap buffer, leading to memory corruption. This corruption can be leveraged to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the user running Resource Hacker. The CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 reflects a high severity, with the vector indicating that the attack requires local access (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), low privileges (PR:L), and user interaction (UI:R). The impact includes full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet, indicating that mitigation may rely on vendor updates or workarounds. The vulnerability is significant because Resource Hacker is often used by developers and system administrators for software customization and reverse engineering, making it a potential target for attackers aiming to escalate privileges or implant persistent malware through crafted resource files or filenames.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be substantial, especially in sectors relying heavily on Windows-based software development, software customization, or digital forensics where Resource Hacker is used. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution, allowing attackers to install malware, steal sensitive data, or disrupt operations. This is particularly critical for organizations with stringent data protection requirements under GDPR, as a breach could result in data leakage and regulatory penalties. The requirement for local access and user interaction somewhat limits remote exploitation, but insider threats or social engineering attacks could still trigger the vulnerability. Additionally, compromised developer or administrator machines could serve as footholds for lateral movement within corporate networks, increasing the risk of broader compromise. The absence of patches at this time increases the window of exposure, necessitating immediate attention to mitigate risk.

European organizations should take proactive steps to mitigate this vulnerability. First, restrict the use of Resource Hacker version 3.6.0.92 to trusted personnel only and avoid opening untrusted or suspicious resource files or filenames. Implement strict endpoint security controls, including application whitelisting and behavior monitoring, to detect anomalous use of Resource Hacker or attempts to exploit buffer overflows. Employ least privilege principles to limit user rights, reducing the impact of potential exploitation. Network segmentation can help contain any compromise resulting from exploitation. Until an official patch is released, consider using alternative tools for resource editing that do not have this vulnerability. Additionally, educate users about the risks of opening files from unverified sources and the importance of cautious interaction with software that requires user input. Monitor security advisories from Angus Johnson and related cybersecurity organizations for updates or patches addressing this vulnerability.