CVE-2024-37989 is a vulnerability identified in Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 10.0.17763.0) that stems from improper handling of length parameter inconsistencies, classified under CWE-130. This flaw specifically affects the Secure Boot feature, a critical security mechanism designed to ensure that only trusted software is loaded during the system boot process. The vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass Secure Boot protections, potentially enabling the execution of unauthorized or malicious code early in the boot sequence. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.0 reflects a high severity level, with an attack vector classified as adjacent network (AV:A), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), but requiring user interaction (UI:R). The scope is unchanged (S:U), and the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H). Although no public exploits have been observed in the wild yet, the vulnerability represents a significant risk, especially for systems that remain unpatched and continue to use Windows 10 Version 1809, which is an older, out-of-support release. The improper length parameter handling can lead to inconsistent validation during Secure Boot, allowing attackers to circumvent security checks and potentially gain persistent, low-level control over affected devices. This could facilitate further attacks such as malware persistence, rootkit installation, or system compromise at a fundamental level.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a critical threat to systems running Windows 10 Version 1809, particularly those relying on Secure Boot to maintain platform integrity. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution during system startup, undermining the trustworthiness of the entire operating environment. This can result in severe data breaches, system downtime, and loss of control over critical infrastructure. Sectors such as government, finance, healthcare, and industrial control systems are especially vulnerable due to their reliance on legacy systems and the high value of their data and operations. The requirement for user interaction slightly limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk, especially in environments where social engineering or phishing attacks are common. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for mitigation, but the high impact and ease of exploitation necessitate urgent attention. Additionally, the persistence of legacy Windows 10 1809 installations in many European enterprises increases the attack surface and potential for widespread impact.

1. Prioritize upgrading or patching Windows 10 Version 1809 systems as soon as Microsoft releases an official security update addressing CVE-2024-37989. 2. Where immediate patching is not possible, restrict network access to vulnerable systems, especially limiting exposure to adjacent network vectors. 3. Implement strict endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting anomalous boot processes or unauthorized code execution attempts. 4. Enhance user training and awareness programs to reduce the risk of social engineering attacks that could trigger user interaction required for exploitation. 5. Employ application whitelisting and secure boot configuration audits to ensure Secure Boot settings have not been tampered with. 6. Consider migrating critical systems to supported Windows versions with active security updates to reduce exposure to legacy vulnerabilities. 7. Monitor security advisories and threat intelligence feeds for any emerging exploit activity related to this vulnerability to enable rapid incident response.