CVE-2024-40110 is a critical remote code execution vulnerability identified in Sourcecodester Poultry Farm Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability arises from improper input handling in the productimage parameter within the /farm/product.php endpoint. Specifically, the flaw corresponds to CWE-77, indicating command injection due to insufficient sanitization of user-supplied input. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely without any authentication or user interaction, by crafting malicious input to the productimage parameter that is executed on the server. This allows arbitrary command execution with the privileges of the web server process, potentially leading to full system compromise. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 9.8, reflecting the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with the low attack complexity and no required privileges. Although no patches or official fixes have been published yet, the vulnerability's presence in a farm management system indicates a risk to agricultural IT infrastructure. The lack of known exploits in the wild suggests it is newly disclosed, but the critical severity demands immediate defensive measures. The vulnerability could be leveraged to disrupt farm operations, steal sensitive data, or pivot into broader network environments.

The impact of CVE-2024-40110 is severe for organizations using the affected poultry farm management system. Successful exploitation can lead to complete system takeover, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary commands, modify or delete data, disrupt farm management operations, and potentially use the compromised system as a foothold for lateral movement within the network. This can result in operational downtime, loss of sensitive business and customer data, and damage to the integrity of farm management processes. Given the critical nature of the vulnerability and the unauthenticated access vector, attackers can easily exploit this flaw remotely, increasing the risk of widespread attacks. The disruption of agricultural IT systems can have cascading effects on supply chains and food production, especially in regions heavily reliant on poultry farming. Furthermore, compromised systems may be used to launch further attacks or host malicious payloads, amplifying the threat beyond the initial target.

To mitigate CVE-2024-40110, organizations should immediately restrict external access to the /farm/product.php endpoint, ideally limiting it to trusted internal networks or VPN users. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on the productimage parameter to prevent command injection, employing allowlists and escaping special characters. Deploy web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious payloads targeting this parameter. Monitor server logs and network traffic for unusual activity indicative of exploitation attempts. Since no official patches are available, consider isolating the affected system from critical infrastructure until a vendor-provided fix is released. Regularly back up data and test restoration procedures to minimize operational impact in case of compromise. Engage with the software vendor or community to track patch releases and apply updates promptly. Additionally, conduct security awareness training for administrators to recognize signs of exploitation and respond swiftly.