CVE-2024-48648 identifies a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Sage 1000 version 7.0.0, an enterprise resource planning (ERP) software. The vulnerability arises because the application fails to properly sanitize or encode user-supplied input embedded in URLs, which is then reflected in server responses. This enables attackers to craft malicious URLs containing executable JavaScript code. When a victim clicks such a URL, the malicious script executes in the victim’s browser within the context of the Sage 1000 application. This can lead to session hijacking, theft of sensitive information, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the user. The vulnerability requires no authentication but does require user interaction (clicking the malicious link). The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.1, indicating a medium severity level, with attack vector being network, low attack complexity, no privileges required, and user interaction required. The scope is changed, meaning the vulnerability can affect resources beyond the vulnerable component. No patches or known exploits are currently available, but the vulnerability is publicly disclosed and should be addressed promptly. CWE-79 (Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation) is the underlying weakness. This vulnerability highlights the importance of proper input validation and output encoding in web applications, especially ERP systems that handle sensitive business data.

The reflected XSS vulnerability in Sage 1000 can have significant impacts on organizations using this ERP system. Attackers can exploit this flaw to execute arbitrary scripts in users’ browsers, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, or unauthorized actions within the ERP environment. This compromises confidentiality and integrity of sensitive business data and user sessions. Although availability is not directly impacted, successful exploitation can lead to further attacks or social engineering campaigns. The requirement for user interaction limits automated exploitation but does not eliminate risk, especially in phishing scenarios. Organizations with many users accessing Sage 1000 via web browsers are at higher risk. The vulnerability can also be leveraged as a stepping stone for more complex attacks against enterprise infrastructure. Given the widespread use of ERP systems in finance, manufacturing, and distribution sectors, the impact can extend to operational disruptions and financial losses if exploited.

To mitigate CVE-2024-48648, organizations should implement multiple layers of defense: 1) Apply input validation on all user-supplied data, especially URL parameters, to reject or sanitize potentially malicious input. 2) Employ proper output encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) when reflecting user input in web pages to prevent script execution. 3) Use Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. 4) Educate users about the risks of clicking unknown or suspicious links, especially those received via email or messaging platforms. 5) Monitor web application logs for unusual URL patterns that may indicate attempted exploitation. 6) Engage with Sage support or vendors for patches or updates addressing this vulnerability and apply them promptly once available. 7) Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block reflected XSS payloads targeting Sage 1000. 8) Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on web application vulnerabilities. These measures collectively reduce the risk of exploitation and protect sensitive ERP data.