CVE-2024-55417 identifies a vulnerability in DevDojo Voyager, a content management system, affecting all versions through 1.8.0. The issue arises from inadequate validation of uploaded files at the /admin/media/upload endpoint, allowing authenticated users to bypass file type verification controls. This bypass enables attackers to upload arbitrary files, including web shells, which can be executed on the server, leading to arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-434, which relates to improper restriction of file uploads, a common vector for web application compromise. Exploitation requires the attacker to have valid authentication credentials, but no additional user interaction is necessary. The vulnerability does not impact confidentiality directly but can compromise the integrity of the system by enabling unauthorized code execution. Availability is not affected. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 4.3 (medium), reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, and privileges required but no user interaction. No patches or known exploits are currently reported, but the risk remains due to the potential for server takeover if exploited. The vulnerability highlights the importance of strict server-side validation of file uploads and the risks posed by authenticated users with upload privileges.

The primary impact of CVE-2024-55417 is the potential for arbitrary code execution on servers running vulnerable versions of DevDojo Voyager. This can lead to full compromise of the affected web server, allowing attackers to execute malicious commands, deploy backdoors, or pivot within the internal network. Although exploitation requires authentication, many organizations have multiple users with upload privileges, increasing the attack surface. The integrity of the system is at risk, as attackers can modify or replace files, potentially leading to data manipulation or further exploitation. Confidentiality and availability impacts are limited but could escalate if attackers use the foothold to exfiltrate data or disrupt services. Organizations relying on DevDojo Voyager for content management and media uploads are particularly vulnerable, especially if they do not enforce strict access controls or monitor file uploads. The absence of known exploits suggests limited current active exploitation, but the vulnerability remains a significant risk if weaponized. The medium CVSS score indicates moderate urgency but should not lead to complacency given the potential consequences of server compromise.

To mitigate CVE-2024-55417, organizations should first apply any available patches or updates from DevDojo Voyager as soon as they are released. In the absence of official patches, implement strict server-side validation of uploaded files, including verifying file MIME types, extensions, and content signatures to prevent malicious files from being accepted. Restrict upload permissions to the minimum necessary set of trusted users and enforce strong authentication mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication to reduce the risk of credential compromise. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules designed to detect and block web shell uploads and suspicious file activity. Monitor upload directories and server logs for unusual file types or unexpected changes. Consider isolating upload directories from executable paths to prevent execution of uploaded files. Regularly audit user privileges and review access logs for anomalous behavior. Finally, conduct security awareness training for administrators and users with upload rights to recognize and report suspicious activities.